ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Cardiovascular Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient has a VVIR mode pacemaker. The nurse knows that this pacemaker is characterized by which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because in a VVIR mode pacemaker: 1. Ventricular pacing: The pacemaker paces the ventricle. 2. Atrial sensing: It senses the atrial activity for timing. 3. Triggered response to sensing: It responds by pacing the ventricle after sensing an event. 4. Rate modulated: It can adjust the pacing rate based on the patient's physiological needs. Therefore, choice C accurately describes the characteristics of a VVIR mode pacemaker. Incorrect choices: A: Incorrect because it mentions atrial pacing, which is not a feature of VVIR mode. B: Incorrect because it includes ventricular sensing, which is not a feature of VVIR mode. D: Incorrect because it mentions ventricular sensing and inhibited response to sensing, which are not characteristics of VVIR mode pacemaker.
Question 2 of 5
The client has an IV and is experiencing tissue necrosis at the site of the IV. What drug might be causing this?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: An alpha agonist. Alpha agonists can cause vasoconstriction, leading to decreased blood flow and tissue necrosis at the IV site. Digoxin (A) is a cardiac glycoside used for heart conditions, not associated with tissue necrosis. Beta blockers (C) reduce heart rate and blood pressure, not causing tissue necrosis. Calcium channel blockers (D) relax blood vessels and are not typically linked to tissue necrosis.
Question 3 of 5
Common side effects to anti-arrhythmic drugs include the following: Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A (Nausea and vomiting) Rationale: Anti-arrhythmic drugs can affect the gastrointestinal system, leading to nausea and vomiting as common side effects. This is due to the drug's impact on the digestive tract and its receptors. Hypotension (choice B) is not a common side effect of anti-arrhythmic drugs as they are more likely to cause cardiac effects. Pro-arrhythmic effect (choice C) is a potential risk of anti-arrhythmic drugs but not a common side effect. Constipation (choice D) is not typically associated with anti-arrhythmic drugs, as they are more likely to affect the heart and not the digestive system.
Question 4 of 5
The client has been prescribed an organic nitrate for angina. What affect does this class of drugs have on the heart?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreases preload. Organic nitrates dilate veins, reducing venous return to the heart and therefore decreasing preload. This helps to reduce the workload on the heart and improve oxygen supply to the myocardium. B: Increases afterload - Organic nitrates do not increase afterload. They actually reduce afterload by dilating arteries and reducing vascular resistance. C: Constricts arterioles - Organic nitrates mainly dilate both arteries and veins, causing vasodilation rather than arteriole constriction. D: Increases preload - Organic nitrates do the opposite by reducing preload through venous dilation.
Question 5 of 5
The client is taking IV heparin. The nurse will want to look out for what adverse reaction of the drug?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Thrombocytopenia. IV heparin can cause a decrease in platelet count, leading to thrombocytopenia. This adverse reaction can result in an increased risk of bleeding. The nurse should monitor the client's platelet count regularly. Pulmonary embolism (A) and deep vein thrombosis (B) are conditions that heparin is used to prevent and treat, not adverse reactions of the drug. Neutropenia (D) is a decrease in neutrophils, not typically associated with heparin therapy.