ATI RN
Psychotropic Medication Side Effects Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient has a severed spinal nerve as a result of trauma. Which statement is true in this situation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Spinal nerves carry both sensory and motor information. Step 2: When a spinal nerve is severed, the sensory input from that specific dermatome is lost. Step 3: The adjacent spinal nerves do not compensate for the severed nerve's sensory function. Step 4: Therefore, the correct answer is C, as sensations for the dermatome served by the severed nerve are lost. Summary: A: Incorrect - Severing a spinal nerve affects sensory and motor functions, not just motor. B: Incorrect - Sensation is lost in the dermatome served by the severed nerve. D: Incorrect - Spinal nerves contain both sensory and motor components, so a severed nerve affects both functions.
Question 2 of 5
The assessment of a 60-year-old patient has taken longer than anticipated. In testing his pain perception, the nurse decides to complete the test as quickly as possible. When the nurse applies the sharp point of the pin on his arm several times, he is only able to identify these as one 'very sharp prick.' What would be the most accurate explanation for this?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: This response is most likely the result of the summation effect. This phenomenon occurs when multiple stimuli are perceived as one due to rapid succession. In this case, the nurse applied the sharp point of the pin several times quickly, causing the patient to perceive them as one sharp prick. This is a normal physiological response and does not indicate hyperesthesia, inadequate poking force, or variations in pain perception across different areas of the arm.
Question 3 of 5
To assess the head control of a 4-month-old infant, the nurse lifts up the infant in a prone position while supporting his chest. The nurse looks for what normal response? The infant:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because at 4 months old, infants typically demonstrate head control by lifting their head and arching their back when placed in a prone position. This response indicates developing neck and back muscles strength. Option B is incorrect as extending the arms and dropping down the head does not demonstrate proper head control. Option C is incorrect as flexing the knees and elbows with a straight back is not indicative of head control. Option D is incorrect as holding the head at 45 degrees and keeping the back straight is not the expected response for assessing head control in a 4-month-old infant.
Question 4 of 5
During an assessment of a 62-year-old man, the nurse notices the patient has a stooped posture, shuffling walk with short steps, flat facial expression, and pill-rolling finger movements. These findings would be consistent with:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Parkinsonism. These symptoms are classic signs of Parkinson's disease, a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by tremors, bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability. Stooped posture, shuffling walk, flat facial expression (hypomimia), and pill-rolling finger movements are commonly seen in patients with Parkinson's disease. Other choices are incorrect because: B: Cerebral palsy presents with motor dysfunction from early childhood due to brain damage, not typically seen in adults. C: Cerebellar ataxia involves incoordination, tremors, and unsteady gait but does not typically present with the specific symptoms described. D: Muscular dystrophy is a genetic muscle disorder leading to muscle weakness and wasting, not typically associated with the specific motor symptoms described.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse knows that testing kinesthesia is a test of a person's:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Position sense. Kinesthesia is the awareness of the position and movement of body parts. Testing kinesthesia involves assessing a person's ability to sense the position of their limbs without looking. This test specifically evaluates the proprioceptive sense, which is crucial for maintaining balance and coordinating movements. Fine touch (A) refers to the sense of touch that detects pressure and texture. Motor coordination (C) involves the ability to perform smooth and precise movements. Perception of vibration (D) assesses the ability to sense vibrations and is not directly related to kinesthesia.