A patient has a maladaptive response to eating regulation. Findings include the following: height, 5 feet 3 inches; current weight, 80 pounds with weight loss of 30% of body weight over the past 3 months; T, 96.6m F; BP, 68/40; P, 40; R, 20; poor skin turgor; lanugo; amenorrhea of 6 months' duration; admits to restricting intake to 350 calories daily; is a vegetarian; dissatisfied with eating pattern as evidenced by patient statement, 'I need to lose another 10 pounds to be at ideal weight'; diagnostic testing reveals serum potassium of 2.9 mEq/L and urine specific gravity of 1.028. Which of the following would be the highest priority nursing diagnosis for this patient?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Deficient fluid volume. The patient is displaying signs of severe malnutrition and dehydration, as evidenced by significant weight loss, low blood pressure, low heart rate, and poor skin turgor. The low serum potassium and high urine specific gravity indicate dehydration. Addressing fluid volume deficiency is the top priority to stabilize the patient's condition and prevent further complications like electrolyte imbalances and organ damage. Choices A and B are important but secondary to addressing the immediate threat of dehydration. Choice D is not the priority as the patient's primary concern is physiological rather than psychological.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of managing oppositional behavior in children, the primary evidence-based approach should focus on non-pharmacological interventions in the first instance. This is primarily because pharmacological interventions should only be considered after other interventions have been attempted and proven ineffective due to the potential risks and side effects associated with medications in children. A) Cognitive-behavioral intervention is a widely accepted evidence-based approach for managing oppositional behavior in children. It focuses on identifying and changing negative thought patterns and behaviors through various techniques like problem-solving and coping skills training. B) Psychosocial intervention involves addressing social and environmental factors that may contribute to oppositional behavior in children. This can include family dynamics, peer relationships, and school environment. It is an essential component of a comprehensive treatment plan. D) Family therapy is crucial in addressing oppositional behavior as it involves working with the whole family to improve communication, problem-solving skills, and relationships. Family therapy can help identify and address underlying issues that may be contributing to the child's behavior. In an educational context, it is important to understand that managing oppositional behavior in children requires a comprehensive and holistic approach. While pharmacological interventions may sometimes be necessary, they should not be the primary approach. Non-pharmacological interventions, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, psychosocial interventions, and family therapy, should be the first line of treatment due to their effectiveness and lower risk of potential side effects.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) Haloperidol for treating Tourette syndrome. Haloperidol is a first-generation antipsychotic that has been shown to effectively reduce tics associated with Tourette syndrome. It works by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain, which helps to control the symptoms of the disorder. Option A) Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) commonly used to treat depression and anxiety disorders, but it is not the first-line treatment for Tourette syndrome. Option B) Fluvoxamine is another SSRI that is sometimes used off-label for treating Tourette syndrome, but it is not as commonly prescribed as haloperidol. Option D) Paroxetine is also an SSRI used for depression, anxiety, and other mood disorders, but it is not the preferred medication for treating Tourette syndrome. In an educational context, it is crucial for healthcare providers to have a solid understanding of the pharmacological treatment options for various conditions, including Tourette syndrome. Knowing the appropriate drug of choice, like haloperidol in this case, can help improve patient outcomes and quality of life. It is also important to consider potential side effects and individual patient factors when selecting the most suitable treatment option.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Visual hallucinations. Visual hallucinations involve seeing things that are not actually present, which can be caused by various factors such as stress, fatigue, or even neurological conditions. In the context of a normal person experiencing flashes of light while falling asleep, it is likely a form of visual hallucination due to the transitional state between wakefulness and sleep. Option A) Hypnopompic hallucinations occur when a person experiences hallucinations transitioning from sleep to wakefulness, not while falling asleep. Option B) Eidetic imagery refers to the ability to vividly recall images from memory, not seeing new images. Option D) Complex hallucinations typically involve a range of sensory experiences, not just visual stimuli like flashes of light. Educationally, understanding different types of hallucinations is crucial in healthcare, especially in fields like mental health or neurology. Recognizing and interpreting hallucinations accurately can aid in proper diagnosis and treatment of underlying conditions. It also highlights the importance of considering factors like sleep patterns and stress in experiencing such phenomena, emphasizing the interconnectedness of physical and mental health.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.