ATI RN
The Hematologic System ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient has a bone marrow aspiration from the posterior iliac crest. Before the procedure, the patient's vital signs were: blood pressure 132/82 mm Hg and pulse 88 beats/min. One hour after the procedure, the blood pressure is 108/70 mm Hg and pulse is 96 beats/min. Which assessment is the least important for the patient at this time?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Check the patient's most recent complete blood count report. This assessment is the least important at this time because changes in vital signs post-bone marrow aspiration are more indicative of immediate complications such as bleeding or shock, which require prompt attention. Checking the complete blood count report would not provide immediate actionable information in this acute situation. Summary: A: Observing the puncture site is important for signs of bleeding or infection. C: Asking the patient about lightheadedness or dizziness is crucial to assess for signs of hypovolemia or shock. D: Determining if the patient had any medications before the procedure is essential to identify possible adverse drug interactions.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is prescribed a transfusion of washed packed red blood cells. What should the nurse realize as being the rationale for the using this type of blood?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Reduces the risk of a febrile reaction. Washed packed red blood cells are used to remove plasma proteins, white blood cells, and platelets, reducing the risk of febrile reactions caused by leukocytes and cytokines. Choice A is incorrect because washing red blood cells does not impact the risk of hypothermia. Choice B is incorrect as washing does not clean the cells of impurities. Choice D is incorrect as the washing process does not remove harmful particles from the blood.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is assisting with the collection of data from a patient with a hematologic disorder. On which body system should the nurse expect to focus when collecting this data?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: All body systems. When assessing a patient with a hematologic disorder, the nurse needs to consider the impact on multiple body systems. Hematologic disorders can affect the cardiovascular system (such as anemia or clotting disorders), respiratory system (such as decreased oxygen-carrying capacity), genitourinary system (such as kidney dysfunction in conditions like hemolytic uremic syndrome), and other systems. By focusing on all body systems, the nurse ensures a comprehensive assessment to identify any potential complications or manifestations related to the hematologic disorder. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because hematologic disorders can have implications beyond these specific systems, necessitating a more holistic approach to data collection.
Question 4 of 5
A patient's complete blood count (CBC) shows a hemoglobin of 19 g/dL and a hematocrit of 54%. Which question should the nurse ask to determine possible causes of this finding?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Do you have any history of lung disease? A high hemoglobin and hematocrit could indicate polycythemia, which can be secondary to chronic hypoxia from lung disease. Asking about lung disease helps determine if there is an underlying cause of the elevated levels. Incorrect Choices: A: Recent weight loss is more relevant for anemia. C: Dark or bloody stools are more indicative of gastrointestinal bleeding and iron deficiency anemia. D: Dietary intake of meats and protein is not directly related to the elevated hemoglobin and hematocrit levels.
Question 5 of 5
The health care provider tells the nurse that a client is to be started on a platelet inhibitor. About what drug does the nurse plan to teach the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Clopidogrel (Plavix). Clopidogrel is a platelet inhibitor that helps prevent blood clots by inhibiting platelet aggregation. It is commonly used to reduce the risk of heart attack or stroke. Enoxaparin (Lovenox) is a low molecular weight heparin that works by preventing blood clots by inhibiting clotting factors. Reteplase (Retavase) is a thrombolytic agent used to dissolve blood clots in emergency situations. Warfarin (Coumadin) is an anticoagulant that works by inhibiting vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. Clopidogrel is the most appropriate choice for a platelet inhibitor in this scenario due to its mechanism of action and indication for preventing blood clots.