A patient expresses frustration with the long wait times in the healthcare facility. What is the nurse's best response?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The nurse's best response in this situation is to listen actively to the patient's concerns, acknowledge the inconvenience they are experiencing, and offer support. It is essential to validate the patient's feelings and show empathy towards their frustration. By actively listening and addressing the patient's concerns, the nurse can help alleviate some of their frustration and build a positive rapport with the patient. This approach demonstrates respect for the patient's feelings and promotes effective communication in the healthcare setting. Dismissing or ignoring the patient's frustration can lead to further dissatisfaction and impact the quality of care provided.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The nurse should prioritize removing the old dressing and applying a new dressing using sterile technique to minimize the risk of infection during a central venous catheter (CVC) dressing change. This is because the most critical step in preventing infection is maintaining a clean and sterile environment around the CVC insertion site. By using sterile technique, the nurse can reduce the introduction of microorganisms that could potentially lead to infection. Wearing sterile gloves and cleaning the insertion site with an alcohol-based antiseptic solution are important steps as well, but the key priority lies in applying the new dressing using sterile technique to prevent contamination and reduce the risk of infection.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the scenario of a woman in active labor experiencing a prolonged second stage with inadequate expulsive efforts, the appropriate nursing intervention to facilitate fetal descent would be to apply fundal pressure. Fundal pressure, or applying pressure on the upper abdomen just above the uterine fundus, can help in directing the fetal head downwards and aiding in the descent through the birth canal. It is important to note that fundal pressure should be applied carefully and with proper technique to prevent excessive force that could potentially harm the mother or the baby. Encouraging the mother to push forcefully during contractions can be helpful, but the addition of fundal pressure can provide extra assistance in cases of inadequate progress. Immediate cesarean section may be considered if other interventions are unsuccessful or if there are concerns for fetal distress. Administering intravenous magnesium sulfate for uterine relaxation is not indicated in this situation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The most appropriate action in this situation is to perform abdominal thrusts, also known as the Heimlich maneuver. This technique is used to clear a blocked airway caused by a choking obstruction. Encouraging continued coughing may not be effective if the person is unable to dislodge the obstruction on their own. Delivering back blows can sometimes be effective, but abdominal thrusts are more commonly recommended in cases of choking in adults. Administering rescue breaths is not recommended if the person is conscious and able to cough, as it may worsen the situation by pushing the obstruction further down. By quickly performing abdominal thrusts, you can help dislodge the obstruction and potentially save the person's life.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The cardiovascular disorder most likely responsible for the symptoms described is a pericardial effusion. A pericardial effusion is an accumulation of fluid within the pericardial space surrounding the heart. When a large pericardial effusion is present, it can lead to compression of the heart chambers, resulting in symptoms such as chest pain and dyspnea.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Fidelity is a principle in nursing ethics that pertains to being faithful or loyal to commitments and promises made to patients. When Nurse Pat promised to come back to assist in the patient's ambulation after carrying out the physician's order, she is demonstrating fidelity by fulfilling her commitment to the patient's care. This principle helps build trust between the nurse and the patient, ensuring continuity and quality of care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Aplastic anemia is a condition characterized by a reduction in the number of all three blood cell types: red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The patient's presentation of bone pain, fatigue, frequent infections, pancytopenia (decreased counts of all blood cell types), hypocellular bone marrow (reduced cellularity in the bone marrow), and absence of reticulocytes is indicative of aplastic anemia.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When selecting participants for a qualitative research study, it is important to choose individuals who are able to articulate and reflect on the phenomenon being studied. This is crucial for gathering in-depth and rich data that can provide valuable insights for the study. Participants who can express their experiences, thoughts, and feelings clearly will allow the researcher to delve deeper into the research objectives and gain a more comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon under investigation. Selecting individuals with the ability to articulate and reflect ensures that the data collected will be meaningful and contribute significantly to the research findings. It is essential for qualitative researchers to prioritize such participants who can best meet the objectives of the study by offering detailed and insightful perspectives.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The Patient's Bill of Rights typically focuses on ensuring patients have the right to certain aspects of their healthcare, such as the right to refuse treatment, the right to informed consent, and the right to receive treatment. Civil commitment, on the other hand, refers to the legal process through which an individual is involuntarily placed in a psychiatric facility for evaluation and treatment. This issue is not typically addressed in the Patient's Bill of Rights, as it involves specific legal procedures rather than general patient rights.