A patient expresses a desire to be cared for by others and often behaves in a helpless fashion. Which stage of psychosexual development is most relevant to the patient's needs?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Oral. During the oral stage (0-1 year), individuals seek pleasure through the mouth, leading to dependency and a desire for nurturing. The patient's behavior of expressing helplessness and desire for care aligns with the oral stage's characteristics. The other choices are incorrect because: A) Latency stage (6-puberty) involves the suppression of sexual desires, B) Phallic stage (3-6 years) focuses on resolving Oedipus/Electra complex, and C) Anal stage (1-3 years) centers on control and independence related to toilet training.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Reciprocity refers to mutual exchange and interdependence within social networks. Step 2: It ensures support is given and received, enhancing the patient's well-being. Step 3: Blood relationships (A) may not always guarantee support, and bonding (B) may lack reciprocity. Step 4: Emotional support (D) is crucial but doesn't encompass the full spectrum of social networks. Summary: Reciprocity is key as it ensures a two-way supportive relationship, unlike the other choices which may not guarantee the same level of support.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). SAMHSA is a government agency that provides the most up-to-date evidence-based research, programs, and practices related to mental illness and addictions. They offer resources for healthcare professionals to access reliable information and guidelines for treatment and interventions. SAMHSA is specifically focused on mental health and substance abuse issues, making it the most appropriate choice for the nurse to consult. The other options, such as the American Psychiatric Association, American Psychological Association, and Clinician's Quick Guide to Interpersonal Psychotherapy, may have relevant information but do not specialize in mental illness and addictions like SAMHSA does.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Stabilization and return to the community. In inpatient psychiatric treatment, the main goal is to stabilize the patient's mental health condition and prepare them for a successful return to their community. This involves addressing acute symptoms, improving coping skills, and developing a discharge plan for ongoing support. Maintenance of stability in the community (A) is important but not the primary goal of inpatient treatment. Medication adherence (B) is a component of treatment but not the overarching goal. Better communication skills (D) may be a beneficial outcome but not the main priority in inpatient psychiatric treatment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Determining the goals and outcome criteria. After formulating nursing diagnoses, the nurse's next action should be to establish clear goals and outcome criteria to guide the plan of care. This step ensures that the interventions are focused on achieving specific outcomes for the patient's health. Designing interventions (choice A) comes after setting goals. Implementing the nursing plan of care (choice C) is done after determining goals and interventions. Completing the spiritual assessment (choice D) is important but typically not the immediate next step after formulating nursing diagnoses.