A patient diagnosed with severe hypermagnesemia is exhibiting diminished reflexes and respiratory depression. Which of the following interventions should be prioritized?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer calcium gluconate IV. In severe hypermagnesemia, excess magnesium suppresses neuromuscular function, leading to diminished reflexes and respiratory depression. Calcium gluconate antagonizes the effects of hypermagnesemia and can quickly restore neuromuscular function, including respiratory drive. Prioritizing this intervention is crucial to prevent further respiratory compromise. Choice B (Initiate dialysis immediately) may be necessary for severe cases, but it is not the initial priority in managing acute symptoms. Choice C (Start an infusion of potassium chloride) is incorrect as it can worsen hypermagnesemia by further disrupting electrolyte balance. Choice D (Provide oral phosphate supplements) is not appropriate for immediate management of severe hypermagnesemia.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Low-carb diets can lead to ketosis, where the body burns fat for fuel, producing ketones.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Anorexia is defined as a lack of appetite, not to be confused with anorexia nervosa.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Medications can affect nutrition (e.g., appetite, absorption), making this key for assessment.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Clear liquids include transparent fluids like Jell-O, carbonated drinks, and apple juice.