ATI RN
Drugs Affecting the Cardiovascular and Renal Systems Edapt Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient diagnosed with depression tells a nurse, “I don’t feel rested. It’s as though I didn’t sleep at all.” However, comments by night shift staff show that the patient slept through most of the night. How can these two observations be reconciled?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: People with depression often experience disturbed sleep cycles, leading to sleep deprivation. Step 2: The patient's feeling of not being rested despite sleeping can be explained by the sleep disturbances associated with depression. Step 3: This discrepancy between the patient's perception and the staff's observations can be reconciled by understanding the impact of depression on sleep. Step 4: Choice C is correct as it provides a logical explanation based on the known effects of depression on sleep. Step 5: Choices A, B, and D do not address the specific relationship between depression and sleep disturbances, making them incorrect.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the orders for a patient and notes a new order for an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. The nurse checks the current medication orders, knowing that this drug class may have a serious interaction with what other drug class?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). ACE inhibitors can increase the risk of kidney damage when taken with NSAIDs due to their combined effects on renal function. NSAIDs can interfere with the vasodilatory effects of ACE inhibitors, potentially leading to decreased renal blood flow and worsened kidney function. Calcium channel blockers (A), diuretics (B), and nitrates (D) do not have the same significant interaction with ACE inhibitors as NSAIDs do.
Question 3 of 5
A patient calls the clinic office saying that the cholestyramine (Questran) powder he started yesterday clumps and sticks to the glass when he tries to mix it. The nurse will suggest what method for mixing this medication for administration?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Mix the powder with food or fruit, or at least 4 to 6 ounces of fluid. This method is recommended for cholestyramine (Questran) powder as it helps prevent clumping and ensures proper mixing for administration. Mixing with food or fruit can help mask the texture and taste, making it easier for the patient to consume. Additionally, mixing with an adequate amount of fluid ensures the medication is properly dissolved and absorbed in the body. Incorrect choices: A: Mixing with a carbonated soda drink is not recommended as it may not effectively dissolve the powder and may lead to clumping. B: Stirring vigorously may not be sufficient to dissolve the powder properly and could result in clumping. D: Taking the powder dry followed by water is not ideal as it may lead to difficulty swallowing and inadequate absorption of the medication.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is to receive iron dextran injections. Which technique is appropriate when the nurse is administering this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Intramuscular injection using the Z-track method. This method helps prevent leakage of the medication into surrounding tissues and minimizes irritation. Step-by-step rationale: 1. Clean the injection site. 2. Pull the skin laterally to create a zig-zag path. 3. Administer the injection deep into the muscle. 4. Hold the needle in place for a few seconds before removing. Summary: A is incorrect because iron dextran is not typically administered intravenously. B is incorrect as intramuscular injections without the Z-track method can lead to leakage and irritation. D is incorrect as iron dextran injections are not given subcutaneously.
Question 5 of 5
Elimination is expressed as follows:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because elimination is defined as the clearance speed of a substance from the blood, indicating how efficiently the kidneys remove a substance from the bloodstream over a given period. This process is quantified by measuring the volume of blood cleared of the substance per unit time. Choices A, C, and D do not directly refer to the process of elimination as described, making them incorrect. Choice A refers to reabsorption, not elimination. Choice C describes half-life, not elimination rate. Choice D refers to clearance of a xenobiotic from an organism, which is related but not the precise definition of elimination in the context of pharmacokinetics.