ATI RN
Hematological System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient diagnosed with acute myelogenous leukemia has just been admitted to the oncology unit. When writing this patient's care plan, what potential complication should the nurse address?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hemorrhage. In acute myelogenous leukemia, the bone marrow produces abnormal, immature white blood cells, leading to a decrease in platelets and clotting factors, increasing the risk of hemorrhage. This complication is a priority due to the potential life-threatening consequences. Pancreatitis (A) is not directly associated with leukemia. Arteritis (C) is inflammation of arteries, not a common complication of leukemia. Liver dysfunction (D) may occur in leukemia but is not as immediate and critical as hemorrhage.
Question 2 of 5
A patient has been found to have an indolent neoplasm. The nurse should recognize what implication of this condition?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because an indolent neoplasm typically grows slowly and is less likely to metastasize quickly, reducing the risk of malignancy. Choice B and C are incorrect as they refer to specific types of leukemia, not necessarily related to indolent neoplasms. Choice D is incorrect as hemophilia is a genetic disorder unrelated to neoplasms. In summary, the key implication of an indolent neoplasm is a lower risk of malignancy compared to aggressive neoplasms.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a client who has been taking warfarin and is experiencing rectal bleeding. Which of the following drugs should the nurse expect to administer to the client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Vitamin K. Warfarin is an anticoagulant that inhibits Vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, leading to bleeding. Administering Vitamin K helps replenish these factors, aiding in clot formation and stopping the bleeding. Filgrastim (A) is a medication used to stimulate white blood cell production, unrelated to clotting. Deferoxamine (B) is a chelating agent used for iron toxicity, not for clotting issues. Protamine (C) is used to reverse the effects of heparin, not warfarin.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse should assess a client who has a megaloblastic anemia for indications of which of the following vitamin deficiencies?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Megaloblastic anemia is typically caused by a deficiency in Vitamin B12. Step 2: Vitamin B12 is essential for the production of red blood cells and DNA synthesis. Step 3: Symptoms of Vitamin B12 deficiency include anemia, fatigue, weakness, and neurological issues. Step 4: Assessing for indications of Vitamin B12 deficiency is crucial for managing megaloblastic anemia. Summary: - Choice A (Vitamin C) is incorrect as it is not directly associated with megaloblastic anemia. - Choice B (Vitamin K) is incorrect as it is primarily involved in blood clotting, not red blood cell synthesis. - Choice D (Vitamin D) is incorrect as it is related to bone health and not directly linked to megaloblastic anemia.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who is starting treatment with warfarin. The nurse should plan to include information on which of the following topics to promote the effectiveness of the drug?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dietary modifications. Warfarin interacts with vitamin K in the diet, so maintaining consistent levels of vitamin K intake is crucial for the effectiveness of the drug. The nurse should educate the client to consume a consistent amount of foods rich in vitamin K to ensure the warfarin dosage remains effective. Sleep modifications (A), fluid modifications (B), and driving modifications (C) are not directly related to the effectiveness of warfarin. Therefore, they are not the appropriate topics to include in the client education plan.