ATI RN
Cardiovascular Drugs NCLEX Practice Questions Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient demonstrates disoriented thinking and irrational ideas. A nurse can anticipate that a PET scan would most likely show dysfunction in the brain’s:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: frontal lobe. Disoriented thinking and irrational ideas are associated with dysfunction in the frontal lobe, responsible for decision-making, problem-solving, and emotional regulation. A PET scan would likely show decreased activity in this region. The parietal lobe (B) is primarily involved in sensory processing, the occipital lobe (C) in visual processing, and the temporal lobe (D) in memory and language functions, not directly linked to disoriented thinking.
Question 2 of 5
A patient has been diagnosed with angina and will be given a prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin tablets. When teaching the patient how to use sublingual nitroglycerin, the nurse will include which instruction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: If the chest pain is not relieved after one tablet, call 911 immediately. This instruction is crucial because persistent chest pain could indicate a more serious cardiac event requiring immediate medical attention. It is important to emphasize the urgency of seeking medical help if the first dose does not provide relief. Choice A is incorrect because taking up to five doses at short intervals is not recommended and could lead to hypotension. Choice B is incorrect because chewing the tablet would bypass the sublingual route of administration, reducing the effectiveness of the medication. Choice D is incorrect because waiting 1 minute between doses is not recommended as the patient should seek emergency medical attention if the first dose does not provide relief.
Question 3 of 5
A patient tells the nurse that he likes to eat large amounts of garlic “to help lower his cholesterol levels naturally.” The nurse reviews his medication history and notes that which drug has a potential interaction with the garlic?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: warfarin (Coumadin). Garlic can increase the risk of bleeding when taken with warfarin due to its anticoagulant properties. Garlic can enhance the effects of warfarin, leading to potentially dangerous bleeding episodes. Acetaminophen (A), digoxin (C), and phenytoin (D) do not have documented interactions with garlic that would pose a significant risk compared to warfarin. Therefore, choice B is the correct answer based on the potential for a clinically significant drug interaction.
Question 4 of 5
An oral iron supplement is prescribed for a patient. The nurse would question this order if the patient’s medical history includes which condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hemolytic anemia. Oral iron supplements can exacerbate hemolytic anemia by increasing the production of red blood cells, which can worsen the condition. Other choices (A, C, D) are not contraindications for prescribing an oral iron supplement. Decreased hemoglobin indicates a need for iron supplementation, weakness can be a symptom of iron deficiency anemia (which would require iron supplementation), and concurrent therapy with erythropoietics can be used in combination with iron supplements to treat anemia.
Question 5 of 5
Pharmacodynamics involves the study of following EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pharmacodynamics specifically focuses on how drugs interact with the body to produce their effects, including mechanisms of drug action and biological/therapeutic effects. Absorption and distribution of drugs fall under pharmacokinetics, not pharmacodynamics. Therefore, choice B is the correct answer. Absorption and distribution are crucial in determining drug concentrations at the site of action, but they do not directly relate to the study of how drugs exert their effects on the body. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they are all aspects that are studied within pharmacodynamics.