A patient complains of epistaxis. Which other cause should be considered?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Epistaxis refers to nosebleeds, commonly due to nasal trauma or dry air. 2. Hematemesis refers to vomiting blood, which can indicate gastrointestinal bleeding. 3. Considering hematemesis as a cause of epistaxis is important to rule out more serious conditions like gastrointestinal ulcers or cancer. 4. Intracranial hemorrhage (choice A) is less likely as it presents with neurological symptoms. 5. Intestinal hemorrhage (choice C) is less likely to cause epistaxis. 6. Hematoma of the nasal septum (choice D) may cause epistaxis but is less common than gastrointestinal bleeding. Summary: Hematemesis is the correct answer as it is a more common and relevant cause of epistaxis compared to the other choices, which are less likely and not directly related to nasal bleeding.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Density. Percussion helps assess the density of underlying tissues by producing different sounds based on the density of the tissue being tapped. Turgor (A) is assessed by skin elasticity, texture (B) refers to the feel of the skin surface, and consistency (D) is the uniformity of a substance. Density is the most relevant choice for assessing underlying tissue characteristics through percussion.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Rotating the lens selector dial to the red numbers to compensate for myopia. This is the correct technique because red numbers on the lens selector dial indicate the adjustment for nearsightedness (myopia) by adding concave lenses. This adjustment helps in achieving a clear view of the retina in myopic patients. A: Using the large full circle of light when assessing pupils that are not dilated is incorrect because a smaller circle of light is preferred for assessing undilated pupils to reduce glare. B: Rotating the lens selector dial to the black numbers to compensate for astigmatism is incorrect because astigmatism is corrected by adjusting the cylindrical power, not by using black numbers on the lens selector dial. C: Using the grid on the lens aperture dial to visualize the external structures of the eye is incorrect as the grid is typically used for focusing and not for visualizing external structures.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: "I will soak my feet in hot water every evening." Soaking feet in hot water can lead to dryness, skin irritation, and potential burns. It is not recommended for foot care. A: Wearing cotton socks helps keep feet dry. B: Inspecting feet daily is important to identify any cuts or sores early. D: Trimming toenails straight across can help prevent ingrown nails. Overall, the incorrect choice (C) poses risks to foot health compared to the other options.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because placing the client on the back with a small pillow under the head can increase the risk of aspiration for stroke patients. The rationale is that this position can cause the tongue to obstruct the airway, leading to difficulty swallowing and potentially causing aspiration pneumonia. B: Keeping portable suctioning equipment at the bedside is important for immediate intervention in case of oral secretions or choking. C: Opening the client's mouth with a padded tongue blade can help provide better access for oral hygiene procedures. D: Cleaning the client's mouth and teeth with a toothbrush is a crucial nursing measure to prevent oral health issues and maintain overall hygiene.