A patient being monitored postheart transplant suf

Question 1 of 5

A patient being monitored post-heart transplant suffers a bradyarrhythmia. The AGACNP knows that which of the following medications is not indicated as part of emergency intervention for bradycardic abnormalities in a posttransplant patient?

A. Isoproterenol 0.2 to 0.6 mg IV bolus B. External pacemaking C. Atropine 0.5 mg IV D. Epinephrine 1 mg IV

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Epinephrine is not indicated as part of emergency intervention for bradycardic abnormalities in posttransplant patients. Epinephrine is a medication usually used in cases of cardiac arrest or severe anaphylaxis, and it can potentially exacerbate bradycardia in patients with preexisting bradyarrhythmias. In this scenario, other options such as isoproterenol, external pacemaking, and atropine are more appropriate choices for managing bradyarrhythmias in a posttransplant patient.

Question 2 of 5

Acute inflammatory mastitis can be prevented postnatally by encouraging breastfeeding mothers to

A. Use prophylactic antibiotics B. Use bras of the right size C. Wash the breasts thoroughly before breastfeeding D. Empty the breast completely when breastfeeding

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Emptying the breast completely during breastfeeding helps prevent mastitis.

Question 3 of 5

R. R. is a 71-year-old female who presents with left lower quadrant pain that started out as cramping but has become more constant over the last day. She reports constipation over the last few days but admits that for as long as she can remember she has had variable bowel habits. Her vital signs are normal, but physical examination reveals some tenderness in the left lower quadrant. Which diagnostic test is most likely to support the leading differential diagnosis?

A. CT scan with IV, oral, and rectal contrast B. CBC with WBC differential C. Colonoscopy D. Barium enema

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In a 71-year-old female presenting with left lower quadrant pain and a history of constipation, the most likely differential diagnosis to consider is diverticulitis. A CT scan with IV, oral, and rectal contrast is the diagnostic test of choice for confirming suspected diverticulitis. It is considered the gold standard imaging modality for evaluating acute abdominal pain and can help identify diverticula, inflammation, abscesses, and complications such as perforation or obstruction.

Question 4 of 5

The drug of choice for treatment of smear-positive T.B. in a TB-exposed neonate includes

A. Rifampicin B. Streptomycin C. Isoniazid D. Ethambutol

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Isoniazid is the drug of choice for treating neonatal tuberculosis.

Question 5 of 5

When evaluating a patient with acute pancreatitis, which of the following physical or diagnostic findings is an ominous finding that indicates a seriously illpotentially moribund patient?

A. Severe epigastric pain with radiation to the back B. Abdominal guarding and rigidity C. Grey Turner sign D. Obturator sign

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The Grey Turner sign is characterized by bruising in the flanks and is a rare finding associated with acute pancreatitis. It indicates retroperitoneal bleeding and is considered an ominous finding that suggests a severe and potentially moribund state in patients with acute pancreatitis. The presence of the Grey Turner sign should prompt immediate intervention and close monitoring in a hospital setting. The other options, severe epigastric pain with radiation to the back, abdominal guarding and rigidity, and obturator sign, are indicative of pancreatitis but do not carry the same ominous implication as the Grey Turner sign.