ATI RN
Cardiovascular Drug Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient begins therapy with a phenothiazine medication. What teaching should the nurse provide related to the drug’s strong dopaminergic effect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Report muscle stiffness. Phenothiazines can cause extrapyramidal side effects like muscle stiffness due to their strong dopaminergic effect. Teaching the patient to report muscle stiffness is crucial to monitor for and manage this potential side effect promptly. Choices A, B, and C are unrelated to the dopaminergic effect of the medication and do not address the specific side effect of muscle stiffness.
Question 2 of 5
The drug nalbuphine (Nubain) is an agonist-antagonist (partial agonist). The nurse understands that which is a characteristic of partial agonists?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because partial agonists like nalbuphine have a lower dependency potential than full agonists. This is because partial agonists have a ceiling effect, meaning they reach a maximum level of activity regardless of the dose. This makes them less likely to cause dependence or tolerance compared to full agonists like morphine. Choices A and C are incorrect because partial agonists do not typically have antiinflammatory effects or higher potency than agonists. Choice B is incorrect because partial agonists are not given to reverse the effects of opiates; rather, they may be used for pain management in certain situations.
Question 3 of 5
A patient has a new order for the adrenergic drug doxazosin (Cardura). When providing education about this drug, the nurse will include which instructions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because doxazosin is an alpha-1 blocker that can cause first-dose hypotension, leading to dizziness or fainting. Instructing the patient to lie down after the first dose can help prevent these adverse effects. A is incorrect because weight loss is not a common side effect of doxazosin. B is incorrect because there is no specific need to increase potassium intake with this medication. C is incorrect because impaired taste is not a common side effect of doxazosin, and if it does occur, it typically does not last for 2 to 3 weeks.
Question 4 of 5
A patient who has been anticoagulated with warfarin (Coumadin) has been admitted for gastrointestinal bleeding. The history and physical examination indicates that the patient may have taken too much warfarin. The nurse anticipates that the patient will receive which antidote?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: vitamin K. Vitamin K is the antidote for warfarin overdose as it helps in replenishing the depleted clotting factors inhibited by warfarin. Warfarin inhibits the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors in the liver, leading to increased bleeding risk. Vitamin K administration helps reverse the anticoagulant effects by promoting the production of these clotting factors. A: Vitamin E is not the antidote for warfarin overdose. Vitamin E does not have any direct role in reversing the anticoagulant effects of warfarin. C: Protamine sulfate is the antidote for heparin, not warfarin. It works by neutralizing heparin's anticoagulant effects. D: Potassium chloride is not the antidote for warfarin overdose. It is used to correct potassium imbalances in the body and has no role in reversing anticoagulant effects of warfarin.
Question 5 of 5
A patient has a new order for an ipratropium (Atrovent) inhaler, an anticholinergic drug. The nurse knows to assess for an allergy to which food before giving this drug?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Peanuts. Ipratropium is an anticholinergic drug, and patients with allergies to peanuts may have a cross-reactivity due to the similarity in protein structure between peanuts and certain anticholinergic medications. Allergies to shellfish (A), soy products (B), and eggs (D) are not directly related to ipratropium and do not pose a significant risk of cross-reactivity. It is important to assess for peanut allergy before administering ipratropium to prevent an allergic reaction in patients with a known peanut allergy.