ATI RN
Psychobiologic Disorders Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient became depressed after the last of the family six children moved out of the home 4 months ago. Select the best initial outcome for the nursing diagnosis Situational low self-esteem related to feelings of abandonment. The patient will:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Low self-esteem is reflected by making consistently negative statements about self and self-worth. Replacing negative cognitions with more realistic appraisals of self is an appropriate intermediate outcome. The incorrect options are not as clearly related to the nursing diagnosis. Outcomes are best when framed positively; identifying two personal behaviors that might alienate others is a negative concept.
Question 2 of 5
A patient diagnosed with major depression tells the nurse, Bad things that happen are always my fault. Which response by the nurse will best assist the patient to reframe this overgeneralization?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct response, "Let's look at one bad thing that happened to see if another explanation exists," is the best choice because it encourages the patient to challenge their overgeneralization by examining a specific situation. This approach helps the patient explore alternative perspectives and reasons for the negative event, promoting cognitive restructuring and reducing self-blame. Option A is incorrect because it simply denies the patient's feelings without offering a constructive alternative. Option C, though well-intentioned, does not directly address the patient's cognitive distortion and may come across as dismissive. Option D is also incorrect as it deflects from the patient's statement and does not address the underlying issue. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of therapeutic communication in addressing cognitive distortions commonly seen in psychobiologic disorders like major depression. By guiding patients to reframe their thoughts, nurses can empower them to develop healthier perspectives and coping mechanisms, ultimately aiding in their recovery and well-being.
Question 3 of 5
What is the focus of priority nursing interventions for the period immediately after electroconvulsive therapy treatment?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During the immediate post-treatment period, the patient is recovering from general anesthesia; hence, the priority need is to establish and support physiological stability. Reducing disorientation and confusion is an acceptable intervention but not the priority. Assisting the patient in identifying and testing negative thoughts is inappropriate in the immediate post-treatment period because the patient may be confused.
Question 4 of 5
A patient being treated for depression has taken 300 mg amitriptyline (Elavil) daily for a year. The patient calls the case manager at the clinic and says, I stopped taking my antidepressant 2 days ago. Now I am having cold sweats, nausea, a rapid heartbeat, and nightmares. The nurse will advise the patient to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient has symptoms associated with abrupt withdrawal of the tricyclic antidepressant. Taking a dose of the drug will ameliorate the symptoms. Seeing the health care provider will allow the patient to discuss the advisability of going off the medication and to be given a gradual withdrawal schedule if discontinuation is the decision. This situation is not a medical emergency, although it calls for medical advice. Resuming taking the antidepressant for 2 more weeks and then discontinuing again would produce the same symptoms the patient is experiencing.
Question 5 of 5
A patient diagnosed with major depression refuses solid foods. In order to meet nutritional needs, which beverage will the nurse offer to this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the context of a patient diagnosed with major depression refusing solid foods, offering milk is the most appropriate choice to meet their nutritional needs. Milk is a rich source of essential nutrients such as protein, calcium, vitamin D, and other vitamins and minerals. It provides a good balance of macronutrients and can help ensure the patient receives adequate nutrition despite their aversion to solid foods. The other options, tomato juice, orange juice, and hot tea, are not as suitable in this scenario. While fruit juices like tomato and orange juice can provide some vitamins and minerals, they lack the protein and other essential nutrients found in milk. Hot tea, on the other hand, does not offer the same level of essential nutrients needed to support overall health and well-being, especially in a situation where solid foods are being avoided. From an educational perspective, it is important for healthcare professionals to understand the nutritional needs of patients with psychobiologic disorders like major depression. By choosing appropriate food and beverage options, nurses can help ensure these patients receive essential nutrients to support their physical health while also addressing their mental health concerns. This case highlights the importance of individualized care and creative solutions to meet the unique needs of each patient.