ATI RN
Introduction to Nursing Chapter 1 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient at the clinic says, “I always walk after dinner, but lately my leg cramps and hurts after just a few minutes. The pain goes away after I stop walking, though.” What focused assessment should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the patient's symptoms suggest a possible vascular issue, such as peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Palpating for the dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulses can help assess the adequacy of blood flow in the lower extremities. A decrease or absence of these pulses may indicate compromised blood flow, leading to symptoms like leg cramps and pain with activity. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not directly address the patient's symptoms of leg cramps and pain with walking, which are suggestive of a vascular etiology. Looking for tortuous veins, skin color changes in response to cold, or unilateral swelling, redness, and tenderness may be indicative of other conditions like varicose veins, Raynaud's phenomenon, or deep vein thrombosis, respectively. However, these symptoms are not consistent with the patient's presentation in this scenario.
Question 2 of 5
A home health nurse is visiting a new client who uses oxygen in the home. For which factors does the nurse assess when determining if the client is using the oxygen safely? (Select all that do not apply.)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because household light bulbs being fluorescent type is not directly related to safety when using oxygen at home. Oxygen supports combustion and can increase fire risk. A, B, and C are important safety factors as smoking can ignite oxygen, damaged electrical cords can cause sparks, and flammable liquids can also lead to fires.
Question 3 of 5
Which action should the nurse take first when a patient develops epistaxis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct action for a patient with epistaxis is to apply squeezing pressure to the nostrils for 10 minutes. This helps to control the bleeding by applying direct pressure to the affected blood vessels. It is the initial and most immediate intervention to stop the bleeding. Packing the nare with an epistaxis balloon (choice A) or obtaining silver nitrate for cauterization (choice C) are more invasive measures that should be considered if bleeding persists after applying pressure. Instilling a vasoconstrictor medication (choice D) may help in some cases but is not the first-line intervention.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse reviews the medication administration record (MAR) for a patient having an acute asthma attack. Which medication should the nurse administer first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Albuterol (Ventolin HFA) 2.5 mg per nebulizer. During an acute asthma attack, the priority is to quickly open up the airways to improve breathing. Albuterol is a short-acting bronchodilator that works rapidly to relieve bronchospasm and improve airflow. Administering Albuterol via nebulizer allows for efficient delivery of the medication directly to the lungs. Methylprednisolone (A) is a corticosteroid that helps reduce airway inflammation but takes longer to have an effect. Salmeterol (C) is a long-acting bronchodilator used for maintenance therapy, not for immediate relief during an acute attack. Ipratropium (D) is an anticholinergic bronchodilator that can be used in combination with Albuterol, but Albuterol alone is the initial priority for acute symptom
Question 5 of 5
A nurse assesses clients on the medical-surgical unit. Which client is at greatest risk for development of obstructive sleep apnea?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, the 55-year-old woman who is 50 lb overweight. Obesity is a major risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) as excess weight can lead to airway obstruction during sleep. This increases the likelihood of pauses in breathing and disrupted sleep patterns. Pregnant women (choice A) may experience OSA due to hormonal changes but it is usually temporary. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (choice B) can exacerbate OSA but is not the primary risk factor. While type 2 diabetes (choice D) is associated with OSA, obesity is a more significant risk factor in this case.