A patient at 34 weeks gestation is undergoing an ultrasound. The nurse notes that the amniotic fluid is estimated at between 500 and 600 mL. Which deduction does the nurse make from this finding?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Oligohydramnios is present. Oligohydramnios refers to a condition where there is a decreased volume of amniotic fluid. At 34 weeks gestation, the normal amniotic fluid volume should be around 800-1000 mL. A volume of 500-600 mL indicates a lower than normal amount of fluid, which can lead to complications such as poor fetal lung development, compression of the umbilical cord, and fetal growth restriction. Option B) Fluid is normal for gestational age is incorrect because, as mentioned earlier, the normal volume of amniotic fluid at 34 weeks gestation should be higher. Option C) Polyhydramnios has formed is incorrect because polyhydramnios is the opposite condition where there is an excessive amount of amniotic fluid present. Option D) Follow-up ultrasound is warranted may be true in some cases to monitor the situation closely, but the immediate concern in this scenario is the presence of oligohydramnios, which requires prompt evaluation and management to prevent potential complications for the fetus. Understanding the normal range of amniotic fluid volume at different gestational ages is crucial for nurses and healthcare providers caring for pregnant patients. Monitoring and recognizing deviations from the normal range are essential for timely interventions to ensure optimal maternal and fetal outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer, C) “You have a 50 percent chance of passing the gene on to your children,” is the most accurate because Huntington disease follows an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. This means that an affected individual has a 50% chance of passing the gene on to each of their offspring. Option A is incorrect as it oversimplifies the genetic transmission of Huntington disease. Both parents do not need to have the disease for their children to inherit it. Option B is incorrect as Huntington disease is not limited to male children; both males and females can be affected. Option D is incorrect as it describes a different mechanism of genetic disorder unrelated to Huntington disease. In an educational context, understanding the genetic inheritance pattern of Huntington disease is crucial for individuals who have been diagnosed with the condition. Providing accurate information about the likelihood of passing on the gene can help individuals make informed decisions about family planning and genetic counseling. Educating patients about the genetic aspects of Huntington disease empowers them to make decisions that align with their values and preferences.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this question, the correct answer is A) azoospermia. Azoospermia refers to the absence of sperm in the ejaculate, resulting in a zero sperm count. This term is used to document the lab results of a patient with this condition accurately. Option B) oligospermia, is the presence of a low sperm count, not a zero sperm count. It does not accurately describe the scenario given in the question. Option C) varicocele is a condition characterized by the swelling of the veins within the scrotum that can impact sperm production but does not directly relate to a zero sperm count. Option D) retrograde ejaculation is a condition where semen enters the bladder instead of emerging through the urethra during ejaculation. This condition does not result in a zero sperm count. Educationally, understanding these terms is crucial for healthcare professionals, especially in reproductive health and fertility assessment. Knowing the correct terminology helps in accurate documentation, communication with colleagues, and providing appropriate care to patients with fertility issues. Understanding the nuances between these terms is essential for pharmacology students preparing for exams like the NCLEX.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology related to conception and fetal development, the correct answer for the medication to include in discharge teaching after an egg retrieval is C) estrogen supplementation. The rationale for choosing estrogen supplementation lies in its role in supporting the early stages of pregnancy. After egg retrieval, the body's natural production of estrogen may be insufficient to support the developing embryo. By providing supplemental estrogen, the nurse can help create a more favorable environment for implantation and early pregnancy development. Regarding the other options: A) Birth control pills are not typically prescribed after an egg retrieval as they work to prevent pregnancy, which is counterproductive in this scenario. B) Follitropin is a medication used to stimulate egg production before retrieval, not typically indicated after the procedure. D) Ganirelix acetate is a medication used to prevent premature ovulation during fertility treatments, which is not a priority after egg retrieval. For educational context, it is crucial for nurses to understand the pharmacological interventions related to assisted reproduction techniques like egg retrieval. Estrogen supplementation post-retrieval is a common practice to support early pregnancy, and nurses play a vital role in educating patients about the rationale behind these medications to ensure optimal outcomes. Understanding the specific roles of different medications in the context of fertility treatments is essential for nurses caring for patients undergoing these procedures.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) The female is experiencing self-esteem issues. In this scenario, the female's reaction indicates a lack of confidence and self-worth, possibly stemming from her inability to produce viable eggs. This response reflects a deeper emotional struggle related to her infertility and the idea of another woman carrying her partner's child. Option A is incorrect because there is no direct evidence in the scenario to suggest that the male blames the female for the infertility. Option B is incorrect as it misinterprets the female's reaction as jealousy towards the surrogate's fertility, rather than focusing on her own emotional response. Option C is incorrect as it simplifies the situation to a biological need for genetic offspring, overlooking the complex psychosocial dynamics at play. From an educational standpoint, this question highlights the importance of understanding the emotional impact of infertility on individuals and couples. Nurses need to be sensitive to the psychological aspects of reproductive health issues and provide support and guidance to help individuals cope with the challenges they face. By recognizing and addressing self-esteem issues in such situations, healthcare providers can offer holistic care that considers both the physical and emotional well-being of patients.