A patient at 25 weeks' gestation has just been diagnosed with gestational diabetes. What is the most important education for the nurse to provide the patient at this time?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: nutrition. At 25 weeks' gestation with gestational diabetes, nutrition education is crucial to manage blood sugar levels and prevent complications. Proper diet control can help regulate blood glucose levels, ensuring optimal fetal growth and reducing the risk of macrosomia. Educating the patient on a balanced diet, monitoring carbohydrate intake, and understanding the glycemic index are essential. Induction of labor (choice A) is not indicated at this stage and may lead to potential complications. While discussing potential fetal (choice C) and maternal (choice D) complications is important, addressing nutrition takes precedence as it directly impacts the health of both the mother and the fetus.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: missed abortion. In a missed abortion, the fetus has died but has not been expelled. The cervix remains closed, and there are no signs of active miscarriage. This term specifically describes the scenario where the pregnancy is no longer viable, but the body has not recognized it yet. A: Incomplete abortion involves partial expulsion of the products of conception. B: Threatened abortion signifies a possible miscarriage with ongoing pregnancy. D: Recurrent abortion refers to multiple consecutive miscarriages.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Delivery of the fetus. Preeclampsia is a serious condition that can only be cured by delivering the baby and placenta. This is because the placenta is the source of the problem in preeclampsia. Other options like magnesium sulfate, antihypertensive medications, and aspirin can help manage symptoms but do not cure the underlying condition. Magnesium sulfate is used to prevent seizures in severe cases, antihypertensive medications control high blood pressure, and aspirin may be used for prevention but not as a cure. Delivery is the definitive treatment to resolve preeclampsia and prevent further complications for both the mother and the baby.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Total placenta previa. In total placenta previa, the placenta completely covers the opening of the cervix, posing a risk of severe bleeding during vaginal delivery. Cesarean birth is necessary to prevent maternal hemorrhage and ensure a safe delivery. Partial abruptio placentae (A) may require cesarean birth if there is significant bleeding or fetal distress, but it's not an absolute indication for cesarean section. Ectopic pregnancy (C) and eclampsia (D) do not always necessitate cesarean birth unless there are other obstetric indications.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hard boardlike abdomen. This finding indicates concealed hemorrhage in abruptio placentae because it suggests intra-abdominal bleeding causing rigidity and firmness. This is due to blood pooling in the abdomen, leading to a tense, boardlike feeling upon palpation. The other choices are incorrect because: A) Bradycardia is not a specific indicator of concealed hemorrhage in this context; C) Decrease in fundal height is more characteristic of a missed miscarriage or intrauterine fetal demise; D) Decrease in abdominal pain is not typically associated with concealed hemorrhage, which often presents with severe abdominal pain.