ATI RN
Introduction to Maternity and Pediatric Nursing Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient, age 46, is admitted for observation following an auto accident. He hit the steering wheel and has a chest contusion. Which of the following creates a pericardial friction rub?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A pericardial friction rub is a harsh grating sound caused by the rubbing of the pericardial and epicardial layers of the heart. This rubbing sound can be heard with a stethoscope and is typically indicative of pericarditis, inflammation of the pericardium (the sac surrounding the heart). In the case of the patient with a chest contusion following an auto accident, the trauma could have led to pericardial inflammation and subsequent pericardial friction rub. The other choices do not directly result in the creation of a pericardial friction rub.
Question 2 of 5
What is the role of a nurse during scratch test to detect allergies?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: During a scratch test to detect allergies, one of the key roles of a nurse is to apply the liquid test antigen onto the patient's skin. The liquid test antigen contains small amounts of common allergens that could trigger a reaction in individuals who are allergic to them. By applying the test antigen onto the skin and creating small scratches or pricks, the nurse can observe if the patient develops a raised, red, itchy bump called a wheal at the site of the allergen exposure. This helps in identifying specific allergies and determining the appropriate treatment plan for the patient.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the ff precautions must a nurse take while caring for clients with HIV/AIDS to reduce occupational risks?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When caring for clients with HIV/AIDS to reduce occupational risks, a nurse must take precautions to minimize the risk of exposure to body fluids that may contain the HIV virus. Transporting specimens of body fluid in leakproof containers helps prevent accidental spills or leakages that could lead to exposure. Proper handling and containment of body fluids are essential to reducing the risk of transmission of HIV to healthcare workers. This precaution is in line with standard infection control practices to ensure the safety of healthcare providers and minimize the risk of occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens like HIV.
Question 4 of 5
A client who is receiving cyclosporine (Sandimmune) must practice good oral hygiene, including regular brushing and flossing of the teeth, to minimize gingival hyperplasia during long-term therapy with certain drugs. Which of the following drug falls into this category?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gingival hyperplasia, or overgrowth of gum tissue, is a common side effect associated with certain medications, particularly anti-seizure medications like phenytoin (Dilantin). This side effect can be minimized through good oral hygiene practices, such as regular brushing and flossing of the teeth. The client must pay extra attention to oral care while taking phenytoin in order to prevent or reduce the severity of gingival hyperplasia. It is important for healthcare providers to educate clients on the importance of oral hygiene with medications associated with this side effect.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse assesses a client shortly after kidney transplant surgery. Which postoperative finding must the nurse report to the physician immediately?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A low urine output of 20mL/hour shortly after kidney transplant surgery is a critical finding that must be reported to the physician immediately. Adequate urine output is essential to ensure proper kidney function and the body's ability to eliminate waste products and regulate electrolyte levels. A urine output of less than 30mL/hour is considered oliguria, which may indicate decreased kidney function or potential complications such as acute kidney injury. Therefore, prompt evaluation and intervention are necessary to prevent further kidney damage or complications in the client.