A parent reports to the nurse that her child has inflamed conjunctivae of both eyes with purulent drainage and crusting of the eyelids, especially on awakening. These manifestations suggest:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The symptoms described by the parent, which include inflamed conjunctivae of both eyes with purulent drainage and crusting of the eyelids, are indicative of bacterial conjunctivitis. Bacterial conjunctivitis is typically associated with these symptoms, along with redness, irritation, and a sensation of a foreign body in the eye. It is common for bacterial conjunctivitis symptoms to be most pronounced upon awakening due to the accumulation of discharge overnight. Treatment for bacterial conjunctivitis often involves antibiotic eye drops.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The confirmatory test for HIV infection is a Western blot test. However, before a Western blot test is conducted, an initial screening test with high sensitivity, such as the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), is typically performed. ELISA is used to detect the presence of HIV antibodies in the blood. If the ELISA test is positive, a Western blot test is then performed to confirm the presence of specific HIV antibodies. The Western blot test is a more specific test for HIV antibodies and is used to confirm the diagnosis. Therefore, in this case, the physician would most likely order a Western blot test following a positive ELISA test to confirm the client's HIV infection.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: An important consideration regarding TPN administration is ensuring the intravenous (IV) site is kept aseptic while infusing the solution. This is crucial to prevent the risk of infection, as TPN solutions are highly concentrated and can provide an ideal environment for the growth of microorganisms. Strict aseptic technique must be maintained during the entire process of TPN administration, from preparation to infusion, to minimize the risk of introducing pathogens into the patient's system. Failure to maintain aseptic technique can lead to serious complications such as bloodstream infections, which can be life-threatening for the patient.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Weight gain is not typically considered a warning sign of cancer. In fact, unexplained weight loss is more commonly associated with certain types of cancer. The other options all relate to symptoms that could potentially be warning signs of cancer and are worth discussing with a healthcare professional for further evaluation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Spastic cerebral palsy is the most common type.