ATI RN
Pediatric Research Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A one month old infant is admitted for confirmation of the diagnosis of ventricular septal defect. During the initial admission assessment, the nurse would expect to find:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a congenital heart defect where there is an abnormal opening between the two ventricles of the heart. One of the hallmark signs of VSD is the presence of a murmur, specifically a holosystolic murmur, which is typically heard best at the left sternal border due to the turbulent blood flow through the defect. This murmur is a key finding during the initial assessment of a patient with a suspected VSD. Other common symptoms of VSD include poor feeding, failure to thrive, tachypnea, and frequent respiratory infections.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old child who has been diagnosed with acquired hypothyroidism. The parents ask the nurse for information on the disorder. Which of the following should the nurse include in the information given to the parents?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acquired hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone. In treating acquired hypothyroidism, the primary intervention is to provide thyroid hormone replacement therapy to supplement the body's low levels of thyroid hormone. This is typically done through medication, such as levothyroxine, which helps to restore normal thyroid hormone levels in the body. The replacement drug helps alleviate symptoms and prevent complications associated with hypothyroidism, ensuring the child's overall health and well-being.
Question 3 of 5
Orchitis and sterility in male result as serious complication of
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Orchitis refers to the inflammation of the testicles, which can occur as a complication of mumps infection in males. Mumps is a viral infection caused by the mumps virus, and one of the common complications of mumps in males is orchitis. Orchitis can lead to testicular damage and potentially result in sterility if both testicles are affected. It is essential for males to receive the MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccine to prevent mumps infection and its associated complications, including orchitis and sterility.
Question 4 of 5
the best prophylactic treatment to prevent further rheumatic fever attack:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The best prophylactic treatment to prevent further rheumatic fever attacks is penicillin. Penicillin is recommended for long-term secondary prophylaxis to prevent the recurrence of acute rheumatic fever and reduce the risk of rheumatic heart disease. It helps to eradicate streptococcal infections, which are the underlying cause of rheumatic fever. Prednisone, aspirin, and paracetamol are not used for primary or secondary prevention of rheumatic fever.
Question 5 of 5
When doing the first assessment of a male newborn, the nurse notes that the scrotum is large, edematous, and pendulous. This should be interpreted as a(n):
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A hydrocele presents as a fluid-filled sac surrounding the testes within the scrotum. In newborns, it is a common finding due to the open connection between the peritoneal cavity and the scrotum that may allow fluid to accumulate. This can result in a large, edematous, and pendulous scrotum. Hydroceles are usually benign and tend to resolve on their own within the first year of life. In contrast, the absence of testes (cryptorchidism) would be identified as the inability to palpate the testes in the scrotum or inguinal canal. An inguinal hernia would present as a bulge in the inguinal area caused by a loop of intestine protruding through a weak spot in the abdominal wall.