ATI RN
Cardiovascular Drug Interactions PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nursing instructor is teaching about the medications used to treat panic disorder. Which student statement indicates that learning has occurred?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because Clonazepam (Klonopin) is a benzodiazepine commonly used to treat panic disorder due to its fast onset of action and effectiveness in reducing anxiety symptoms. It is a first-line treatment for panic disorder. Option B is incorrect as Clozapine is an antipsychotic used for schizophrenia and not recommended for panic disorder. Option C is incorrect since Doxepin is a tricyclic antidepressant primarily used for depression and not a first-line treatment for panic disorder. Option D is incorrect as Buspirone is a medication used for generalized anxiety disorder and not typically used for immediate relief during panic attacks.
Question 2 of 5
A depressed patient is being seen in the clinic and started a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) last week. She tells the nurse that she has some pills that she previously took for depression and that they are called MAOIs. She tells the nurse she thinks she should start taking them right now instead of her current medication, which isn’t seeming to help her. The most important information the nurse should convey is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because starting MAOIs while already taking an SSRI can lead to a life-threatening condition called serotonin syndrome due to the interaction between the two medications. This can cause symptoms like confusion, high fever, seizures, and even death. The nurse should emphasize the risk of a serious reaction to prevent the patient from harm. Option A is not as critical as the risk of serotonin syndrome. Option B is incorrect because it does not address the dangerous interaction between MAOIs and SSRIs. Option C, while important, is not as urgent as the risk of a serious reaction.
Question 3 of 5
A patient who received heparin begins to bleed. The nurse anticipates that the health care provider will order which antidote?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Protamine sulfate. Heparin is an anticoagulant medication, and protamine sulfate is its antidote by binding to heparin to neutralize its anticoagulant effects. Phytonadione (Vitamin K) is used to reverse the effects of warfarin, not heparin. Aminocaproic acid is used to treat bleeding due to fibrinolysis, not heparin-induced bleeding. Potassium chloride is not an antidote for heparin-induced bleeding.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse cares for patients taking various medications, including buspirone (BuSpar), haloperidol (Haldol), carbamazepine (Tegretol), trazodone (Desyrel), and phenelzine (Nardil). The nurse will order a special diet for the patient who takes:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, phenelzine (Nardil), an antidepressant classified as a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). MAOIs have dietary restrictions to avoid tyramine-rich foods to prevent hypertensive crisis. Other choices, A (buspirone), B (haloperidol), and C (carbamazepine) do not have specific dietary restrictions related to their mechanisms of action. Therefore, D is the correct choice due to the dietary considerations for MAOIs.
Question 5 of 5
The objective information that has helped mental health professionals understand that schizophrenia has a biological component has been obtained primarily from which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies. MRI studies provide direct visual evidence of structural brain abnormalities in individuals with schizophrenia, supporting the biological component of the disorder. This objective information helps mental health professionals understand the biological basis of schizophrenia. A: Genetic studies may provide insights into the heritability of schizophrenia, but MRI studies offer more concrete evidence of biological abnormalities. B: Patient histories may provide valuable clinical information but are subjective and may not directly demonstrate the biological underpinnings of schizophrenia. C: Comparisons of blood chemistries may offer some insights into potential biomarkers, but MRI studies provide more direct evidence of structural brain abnormalities associated with schizophrenia.