A nursing instructor is teaching about electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Which student statement indicates that learning has occurred?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: ECT induces a grand mal seizure. This indicates learning has occurred because ECT does indeed induce a controlled grand mal seizure to treat severe depression. Euphoria (A) and catatonia (C) are not accurate states induced by ECT. A petit mal seizure (D) is a mild form of seizure not associated with ECT.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Recovering from conscious sedation. After ECT, patients are closely monitored as they recover from anesthesia and sedation. Nursing care involves assessing vital signs, mental status, and ensuring the patient's safety. This is similar to caring for a patient recovering from conscious sedation, where monitoring and observation are essential. A: Delirium tremens involves severe alcohol withdrawal symptoms, which require specialized care including managing agitation and hallucinations. C: Acute alcohol withdrawal requires specific interventions such as monitoring for seizures and providing medications to prevent complications. D: Routine diagnostic procedures do not typically involve sedation or anesthesia, so the level of monitoring and care needed is different from post-ECT care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: ECT induces a grand mal seizure. This indicates learning has occurred because ECT does indeed induce a controlled grand mal seizure to treat severe depression. Euphoria (A) and catatonia (C) are not accurate states induced by ECT. A petit mal seizure (D) is a mild form of seizure not associated with ECT.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use of multiple drugs with anticholinergic effects. This is the highest priority as anticholinergic medications can have severe side effects in older adults, including confusion, constipation, and increased risk of falls. Nurses need to assess for potential harm caused by these medications. Choice B (Overuse of medications for erectile dysfunction) is not the highest priority as it may not pose an immediate threat to the health and safety of older adults compared to anticholinergic effects. Choice C (Missed doses of medications for arthritis) is important but not as critical as assessing for the potential harm caused by anticholinergic medications. Choice D (Trading medications with acquaintances) is concerning but not as urgent as assessing for the harmful effects of anticholinergic medications, which can lead to serious health complications.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because providing information about the grief process helps the patient understand their feelings and reactions, promoting emotional healing. Choice B is incorrect because suggesting community resources may not address the patient's immediate needs. Choice C is incorrect as encouraging dependence on the nurse may hinder the patient's ability to cope independently. Choice D is incorrect because assessing for complicated grief or depression is important but not the initial intervention in planning care for acute grief.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Evidence of risks for suicide. The statement contains indicators such as feeling very sad, lack of purpose, isolation, and declining health, which are red flags for suicide risk in older adults. It is crucial for healthcare providers to assess and intervene promptly in such cases to prevent harm. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not address the seriousness of the situation or the potential risk for self-harm.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because discussing feelings about leaving the group and the support found within the group is crucial during the termination phase. This allows for processing emotions, reflecting on progress, and providing closure. Choice A focuses on future goals, not on the current phase. Choice B addresses time constraints, not emotional support. Choice C is about coping strategies, which may not be the priority during termination. Thus, D is the most appropriate intervention for this phase.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because showing no emotion when discussing a personal tragedy is indicative of blunted affect, a negative symptom commonly seen in residual schizophrenia. This behavior aligns with the diagnostic criteria for residual schizophrenia, which includes the presence of negative symptoms like flat affect. Choices A, B, and C do not directly relate to negative symptoms of schizophrenia. A communicating style or claims about worms do not specifically indicate negative symptoms, and maintaining arms awkwardly overhead is not a typical symptom of residual schizophrenia.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because intervening immediately after the loss has occurred allows for timely support and processing of emotions. This is crucial for healthy grieving and preventing complications. Choice A is too broad and not specific to the immediate need post-loss. Choice B focuses on pre-loss, which is not the most effective time for intervention. Choice D puts the responsibility on the patient, which may delay necessary support.