A nursing instructor is preparing a class discussion about sexual disorders. Which of the following would the instructor include when describing gender identity disorders?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because gender identity disorders involve distress related to the individual's assigned sex. This is a key characteristic as individuals with this disorder experience a strong and persistent discomfort with their biological sex. Choice A is incorrect as it refers to sexual orientation rather than gender identity. Choice C is incorrect as it describes a different disorder called paraphilic disorders. Choice D is incorrect as it pertains to sexual dysfunctions rather than gender identity disorders. Therefore, the instructor would include discomfort about one's assigned sex when discussing gender identity disorders to accurately educate the students.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Albert Ellis. Albert Ellis is credited with being the first to develop cognitive therapy interventions through his creation of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT). He emphasized the role of irrational beliefs and how they contribute to emotional distress. Freud (B) is known for psychoanalysis, not cognitive therapy. Aaron Beck (A) is known for developing Cognitive Therapy, a form of cognitive-behavioral therapy. De Shazer and Berg (D) are associated with solution-focused brief therapy, not cognitive therapy. Therefore, choice C is correct as Albert Ellis pioneered cognitive therapy with his development of REBT.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it accurately distinguishes between bereavement and grief. Bereavement refers to the process of mourning, while grief refers to the emotional reaction to loss. This understanding shows comprehension of the concepts involved in coping with loss. Choice A is incorrect because grief and bereavement are not used interchangeably; they represent different aspects of the loss experience. Choice C is incorrect as grief and bereavement both involve confronting the stress and emotions related to loss. Choice D is incorrect as both bereavement and grief can be influenced by culture.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Using bleach solution to disinfect dirty needles. This is an important harm reduction strategy for individuals addicted to heroin as it helps reduce the risk of infections such as HIV and hepatitis. It is crucial for the nurse to educate the client on safe needle hygiene practices to prevent further health complications. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as problem solving, healthy coping skills, and naltrexone are not directly related to harm reduction strategies specifically for heroin addiction.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prescribe psychotropic medication. Advanced practice nurses, such as psychiatric nurse practitioners, have prescriptive authority to prescribe medications in psychiatric settings. This intervention requires advanced knowledge and specialized training. Conducting mental health assessments (A) and establishing therapeutic relationships (C) are within the scope of practice for staff nurses and do not require advanced practice credentials. Individualizing nursing care plans (D) is also a standard nursing practice that does not necessarily require advanced practice training. In summary, prescribing psychotropic medication is the additional intervention that an advanced practice nurse would perform in a psychiatric unit, distinguishing their role from that of a staff nurse.