ATI RN
foundations of nursing test bank Questions
Question 1 of 9
A nurse who works in an oncology clinic is assessing a patient who has arrived for a 2-month follow-up appointment following chemotherapy. The nurse notes that the patients skin appears yellow. Which blood tests should be done to further explore this clinical sign?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Liver function tests (LFTs). Yellow skin can indicate jaundice, a sign of liver dysfunction, often seen in patients with liver issues or chemotherapy-related liver toxicity. LFTs including bilirubin, ALT, AST, and ALP can help assess liver function. B: Complete blood count (CBC) and C: Platelet count are not directly related to yellow skin and would not provide information on liver function. D: Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine are tests for kidney function, not liver function. While kidney dysfunction can sometimes cause yellow skin, LFTs are more specific for assessing liver function in this context.
Question 2 of 9
One of the functions of nursing care of the terminally ill is to support the patient and his or her family as they come to terms with the diagnosis and progression of the disease process. How should nurses support patients and their families during this process? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is correct because understanding the illness from the patient's perspective helps nurses provide individualized care. By empathizing with the patient's experience, nurses can tailor support to meet their specific needs. Describing personal experiences (A) may not be appropriate as it shifts the focus from the patient. Encouraging fighting for a cure (B) may not align with the patient's wishes for quality of life. Assisting with life review (D) can be beneficial but may not be a priority for all patients. Providing interventions for end-of-life closure (E) is important, but understanding the illness from the patient's perspective (C) forms the foundation for effective support.
Question 3 of 9
A nursing student is learning how to perform sexual assessments using the PLISSIT model. According to this model, the student should begin an assessment by doing which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Ensuring patient privacy. In the PLISSIT model, ensuring patient privacy is crucial as it creates a safe and confidential environment for discussing sensitive topics like sexual health. This step helps build trust and allows the patient to feel comfortable sharing intimate details. Briefly teaching about normal sexual physiology (A) may come later in the assessment process. Assuring confidentiality (B) is important but doesn't address the immediate need for privacy. Asking if the patient is willing to discuss sexual functioning (C) assumes patient readiness without first establishing a private setting.
Question 4 of 9
A patient, diagnosed with cancer of the lung, has just been told he has metastases to the brain. What change in health status would the nurse attribute to the patients metastatic brain disease?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Personality changes. Metastases to the brain can affect cognitive function and behavior, leading to personality changes. This is due to the impact on specific areas of the brain responsible for personality and behavior. Chronic pain (A) is more commonly associated with advanced cancer and not specific to brain metastases. Respiratory distress (B) is more likely related to lung cancer itself, not brain metastases. Fixed pupils (C) may indicate brainstem involvement, but personality changes are a more direct and common manifestation of brain metastases.
Question 5 of 9
A nurse is teaching a patient about proteins that must be obtained through the diet and cannot be synthesized in the body. Which term used by the patient indicates teaching is successful?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Indispensable amino acids, also known as essential amino acids, must be obtained through the diet as the body cannot synthesize them. 2. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, so mentioning "indispensable amino acids" indicates understanding of essential dietary proteins. 3. Triglycerides are fats, not proteins, and not related to essential amino acids. 4. Dispensable amino acids can be synthesized by the body, so mentioning them would not indicate understanding of essential proteins.
Question 6 of 9
Which behaviors indicate the student nurse hasa good understanding of confidentiality and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)? (Selectall that apply.)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D Rationale: - Giving a change-of-shift report to the oncoming nurse about the patient is an appropriate action that maintains confidentiality by only sharing necessary patient information with authorized healthcare professionals. - A: Writing the patient’s room number and date of birth on a paper for school is a breach of confidentiality as it exposes sensitive patient information to unauthorized individuals. - B: Printing/copying material from the patient’s health record for a graded care plan is also a breach of confidentiality as it involves sharing patient information without proper authorization. - C: Reviewing assigned patient’s record and another unassigned patient’s record is a violation of HIPAA as it involves accessing patient information that is not necessary for the nurse's duties, risking unauthorized disclosure.
Question 7 of 9
The nurse is caring for a patient newly diagnosed with a primary brain tumor. The patient asks the nurse where his tumor came from. What would be the nurses best response?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because primary brain tumors originate from cells within the brain itself. These tumors develop from abnormal growth of brain cells. Choice A is incorrect as primary brain tumors do not come from outside the central nervous system (CNS). Choice B is incorrect as primary brain tumors do not typically start in glands. Choice D is incorrect as primary brain tumors do not arise from nerve tissue elsewhere in the body. In summary, the nurse should explain to the patient that the tumor originated from cells within his brain to provide accurate information about the nature of primary brain tumors.
Question 8 of 9
A nurse is assessing a patient’s ethnohistory.Which question should the nurse ask?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it directly addresses the patient's ethnohistory by asking about the differences in their life here compared to back home. This question helps the nurse understand the patient's cultural background, beliefs, and practices. Option A focuses solely on language, which is not sufficient to understand ethnohistory. Option C inquires about caregivers during sickness, which is important but does not specifically relate to ethnohistory. Option D compares treatment approaches, which is relevant but doesn't explore the broader cultural context as effectively as option B.
Question 9 of 9
A child has been diagnosed with a severe walnut allergy after suffering an anaphylactic reaction. What is a priority for health education?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The need for the parents to carry an epinephrine pen. This is the priority for health education because in case of another anaphylactic reaction to walnuts, immediate administration of epinephrine can be life-saving. Immunotherapy (choice A) is not the primary focus in an emergency situation. Maintaining immunization status (choice C) is important but not as critical as having an epinephrine pen. Avoiding high potential allergens (choice D) is important but having an epinephrine pen takes precedence in managing severe allergic reactions.