A nurse was trying to decrease the amount of respiratory illness in the community. Which approach should be used by the nurse?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because using informal networks in the community allows the nurse to reach a wider audience and promote preventive measures effectively. By engaging with community members directly, the nurse can provide education, resources, and support to help prevent respiratory illnesses. Choice B is incorrect as it focuses on improving infrastructure within hospitals, which may not directly impact community respiratory illnesses. Choice C is incorrect as advocating for government policy changes is a long-term solution that may not address immediate community needs. Choice D is incorrect as increasing patient education about medication adherence is important but may not directly reduce respiratory illnesses in the community.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Providing incentives for rural healthcare providers. This is the primary focus of rural health policy as it aims to address the unique challenges faced by rural areas in accessing healthcare services. By providing incentives, such as loan repayment programs or grants, rural healthcare providers are encouraged to practice in underserved areas. A is incorrect as the focus is on rural health, not urban healthcare services. C is incorrect as it goes against the goal of rural health policy, which is to maintain and improve healthcare access in rural areas. D is incorrect as there are specific policies aimed at addressing rural health disparities.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Motor vehicle accidents and injuries. In rural areas, limited access to healthcare facilities and emergency services increases the risk of mortality from motor vehicle accidents. This is supported by statistics showing higher rates of fatalities due to road traffic injuries in rural compared to urban areas. Non-communicable diseases and infectious diseases are significant health concerns, but motor vehicle accidents are more prevalent in rural areas. Accidental poisoning may occur, but it is not as common of a cause of morbidity and mortality in rural settings as motor vehicle accidents.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because investing in community health centers and telemedicine can increase access to primary care services in rural communities, which can help address healthcare disparities. Specialty care (A) may not be as accessible and may not target the root causes of disparities. Focusing on urban healthcare development (C) does not directly address rural healthcare needs. Increasing urban migration (D) can exacerbate rural healthcare disparities by draining resources and healthcare providers from rural areas.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Social workers. Social workers play a crucial role in improving healthcare access in rural areas by addressing social determinants of health, providing support services, connecting individuals to resources, and advocating for vulnerable populations. Teachers (choice A) and agricultural professionals (choice B) may indirectly contribute to community health but do not directly impact healthcare access like social workers do. Choice D, None of the above, is incorrect because social workers indeed play a significant role in enhancing healthcare access in rural areas.