ATI RN
Infection Control NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse walking through a hospital unit notices flames coming out of a microwave in a kitchen station across from several client rooms. Which action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Ensure safety of clients nearest the fire - This is the first priority to prevent harm. Step 2: Alert others for assistance. Step 3: Follow facility's fire safety protocol. Step 4: Evacuate if necessary. Summary: A: Extinguishing the fire may put the nurse and clients at risk without proper training. B: Containing the fire alone does not ensure client safety. D: Pulling the fire alarm is important but ensuring client safety comes first.
Question 2 of 5
An intubated client with acute delirium requires bilateral wrist restraints to prevent her from removing her endotracheal tube. The wrist restraints have been applied for several hours. The nurse understands that to continue monitoring the restraints, the nurse must perform which action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it is essential to ensure proper circulation and prevent skin breakdown in the client's wrists due to prolonged restraint use. Removing and providing range of motion to each wrist every two hours allows for circulation to be assessed, skin integrity to be monitored, and prevents complications such as pressure ulcers. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because removing both restraints at the same time can compromise the client's safety, checking the restraints every 4 hours may not be frequent enough to prevent skin breakdown, and providing range of motion every 6 hours is too infrequent and does not adequately address the need for monitoring and preventing complications.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is assessing a new patient admitted to home health. Which questions will be most appropriate for the nurse to ask to determine the risk of infection? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because asking the patient to explain the risk for infection in their home assesses their understanding and awareness of potential infection sources. This information helps the nurse to identify specific risks and provide appropriate education. Choice B is incorrect as it focuses on travel history which may not directly relate to the patient's risk of infection at home. Choice C is incorrect as handwashing demonstration assesses the patient's knowledge of hygiene practices but does not directly determine their risk of infection. Choice D is incorrect as it evaluates the patient's knowledge of infection signs and symptoms but does not assess their risk factors.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is aware that an antiviral medication is most effective when given during which phase of the infectious process?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Prodromal stage. During this phase, the virus is multiplying rapidly, and symptoms are just starting to appear. Administering antiviral medication at this stage can help reduce viral replication and prevent the infection from progressing further. In contrast, the other options are not ideal for antiviral treatment: B (Incubation period) is when the virus is replicating but symptoms are not yet present, C (Full stage of illness) is when symptoms are most severe and the virus has already caused significant damage, and D (Convalescent period) is when the body is recovering and the virus is being cleared naturally.
Question 5 of 5
A woman tests positive for the human immunodeficiency virus antibody but has no symptoms. She is considered a carrier. What component of the infection cycle does the woman illustrate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A reservoir. In this scenario, the woman testing positive for HIV antibody but having no symptoms indicates that she is a reservoir of the virus. A reservoir is a place where infectious agents (in this case, HIV) can persist and reproduce without causing symptoms in the carrier. Other choices are incorrect because the woman is not actively transmitting the virus (infectious agent), the virus is not exiting her body (portal of exit), and she is not being newly infected (portal of entry).