ATI RN
Common Cardiovascular Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse understands that the abnormal secretion of growth hormone may play a role in which illness?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Anorexia nervosa. Growth hormone abnormalities can contribute to the development of anorexia nervosa due to its role in regulating metabolism and energy balance. Excessive levels of growth hormone can lead to weight loss and metabolic disturbances, which are characteristic features of anorexia nervosa. Incorrect choices: A: Acute mania - Growth hormone abnormalities are not typically associated with acute mania, which is a symptom of bipolar disorder. B: Schizophrenia - Growth hormone abnormalities are not a known factor in the development of schizophrenia, which is a complex mental disorder. D: Alzheimer’s disease - While there may be some overlap in the pathology of growth hormone abnormalities and Alzheimer's disease, they are distinct conditions with different underlying mechanisms.
Question 2 of 5
A patient who takes lithium phones the nurse at the clinic to say, “I’ve had diarrhea for 4 days. I feel weak and unsteady when I walk. My usual hand tremor has gotten worse. What should I do?” Which instruction by the nurse is appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Have someone bring you to the clinic immediately." This is the appropriate instruction because the patient is experiencing symptoms of lithium toxicity, such as diarrhea, weakness, unsteadiness, and worsening hand tremor. Lithium toxicity is a serious condition that can lead to life-threatening complications if not treated promptly. Bringing the patient to the clinic immediately allows for proper evaluation, monitoring, and treatment by healthcare professionals. Summary: - Choice B: "Restrict food and fluids for 24 hours and stay in bed" is incorrect as it does not address the urgency of the situation and may worsen dehydration. - Choice C: "Drink a large glass of water with 1 teaspoon of salt added" is incorrect as it can exacerbate the electrolyte imbalance caused by lithium toxicity. - Choice D: "Take antidiarrheal medication hourly until the diarrhea subsides" is incorrect as it does not address the root cause of the symptoms and may delay necessary medical intervention.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse knows that which diuretic is most frequently combined with an antihypertensive drug?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hydrochlorothiazide. It is most frequently combined with antihypertensive drugs due to its proven efficacy and safety profile in managing hypertension. It works by decreasing fluid volume in the body, leading to reduced blood pressure. Chlorthalidone and bendroflumethiazide are also thiazide diuretics, but hydrochlorothiazide is more commonly used in combination therapy. Potassium-sparing diuretics are typically not the first choice for combination with antihypertensive drugs, as they are often reserved for specific cases where potassium levels need to be preserved.
Question 4 of 5
A drug causes muscarinic receptor blockade. The nurse will assess the patient for
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: dry mouth. Muscarinic receptor blockade inhibits parasympathetic nervous system activity, leading to decreased secretion of saliva. This causes dry mouth. Gynecomastia (choice B) is unrelated to muscarinic receptor blockade. Pseudoparkinsonism (choice C) is associated with dopamine receptor blockade, not muscarinic receptors. Orthostatic hypotension (choice D) is more commonly seen with alpha-adrenergic receptor blockade.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse explains to a patient with a mental health disorder that which part of the brain is responsible for fine motor coordination?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cerebellum. The cerebellum is responsible for fine motor coordination as it coordinates muscle movements, balance, and posture. It receives input from sensory systems and integrates this information to regulate motor movements accurately. The medulla (A) controls vital functions like breathing and heart rate. The thalamus (B) acts as a relay station for sensory information. The temporal lobe (D) is mainly involved in auditory processing and memory. Therefore, the cerebellum is the most appropriate choice for fine motor coordination due to its specific functions in motor control.