A nurse teaches the patient about the prescribed buccal medication. Which statement by the patient indicates teaching by the nurse is successful?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Buccal medications should be placed in the side of the cheek and allowed to dissolve completely. Buccal medications act with the patient's saliva and mucosa. The patient should not chew or swallow the medication or take any liquids with it. The patient should rotate sides of the cheek to avoid irritating the mucosal lining.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When preparing and administering IV piggybacks, use the following steps: Compare the label of medication with the medication administration record at the patient's bedside; connect the infusion tubing to the medication bag; hang the piggyback medication bag above the level of the primary fluid bag; clean the main IV-line port with an antiseptic swab; connect the tubing of the piggyback infusion to the appropriate connector on the upper Y-port; and regulate flow.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) 10 mL. To calculate the correct dosage, we need to consider the concentration of the medication, which is 250 mg per 5 mL. The patient requires 500 mg for one dose, so we set up a proportion: dose ordered (500 mg) over dose available (250 mg) equals volume to be administered (x) over volume available (5 mL). Solving for x, we get 10 mL. Option A) 5 mL is incorrect because this would only provide 250 mg, not the required 500 mg dose. Option C) 15 mL is incorrect because this would be too much medication, exceeding the prescribed dose of 500 mg. Option D) 20 mL is incorrect because this would be double the required dose, providing 1000 mg instead of the prescribed 500 mg. Understanding medication dosage calculations is crucial for nurses to ensure patient safety and effective treatment. It involves basic math skills and knowledge of medication concentrations. Nurses must be able to accurately calculate dosages to administer medications safely and effectively, preventing medication errors that could harm patients. Practicing these calculations helps reinforce this critical skill in nursing practice.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) avoid the danger of inhaling the stomach contents. Prior to surgery, patients are required to fast (NPO) to prevent aspiration of stomach contents during anesthesia. Aspiration occurs when stomach contents are regurgitated into the lungs, which can lead to serious complications such as pneumonia, lung abscess, or respiratory distress syndrome. This is a life-threatening risk that must be avoided during surgery to ensure the safety of the patient. Option A) assist in the proper absorption of the anaesthetic is incorrect because fasting is not related to the absorption of anesthesia. Anesthesia is typically administered intravenously or via inhalation and does not rely on oral intake. Option B) prevent nausea and vomiting immediately after surgery is incorrect because fasting does not directly prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting. Nausea and vomiting can be managed with medications administered before or after surgery, and fasting primarily aims to prevent aspiration. Option D) avoid incontinence during surgery is incorrect because incontinence is not directly related to fasting. Incontinence during surgery can be managed through appropriate catheterization or other interventions but is not a direct result of eating or drinking before surgery. Educationally, it is crucial for healthcare providers to understand the rationale behind preoperative fasting guidelines to ensure patient safety. By adhering to fasting protocols, healthcare professionals can minimize the risk of aspiration and its associated complications, ultimately contributing to better surgical outcomes and patient care. It is essential for nursing students to grasp the importance of following evidence-based practices in medication administration to provide safe and effective care to patients during the perioperative period.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Any medication which is centrally stored. This option is correct because the Centrally Stored Medication Record, such as LIC 622, should include all medications that are centrally stored within a facility. This is crucial for tracking medication usage, ensuring accountability, and complying with Community Care Licensing (CCL) guidelines. By maintaining a comprehensive record of centrally stored medications, healthcare providers can monitor inventory levels, track dispensing practices, and safeguard against medication errors or misuse. Option B) Any medication, other than over the counter medications, is incorrect because the focus is specifically on centrally stored medications, regardless of whether they are prescription or over-the-counter. Option C) Only new medications and Option D) Any medication purchased by the community are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the requirement to document all centrally stored medications, not just new additions or those purchased by the community. Educationally, understanding the importance of accurate medication documentation is essential for ensuring patient safety, regulatory compliance, and effective healthcare delivery. Students and healthcare professionals need to grasp the significance of maintaining detailed medication records, such as the Centrally Stored Medication Record, to promote transparency, accountability, and quality care. By emphasizing the rationale behind documenting centrally stored medications, educators can instill best practices and adherence to guidelines in medication administration processes.