A nurse teaches a male client how to perform a testicular self-exam in an effort to identify lumps that may be present in the testes. What does the nurse teach the client regarding normal testes size?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In teaching a male client how to perform a testicular self-exam, it is crucial to impart accurate information regarding normal testicular anatomy. The correct answer, B, "One testis is usually larger than the other," is based on the physiological variation in testicular size, where it is common for one testis to be slightly larger or hang lower than the other due to differences in blood flow or position within the scrotum. This asymmetry is a normal variation and not indicative of pathology. Option A, "Both testes should be the same size," is incorrect because of the natural anatomical differences between the testes in many individuals. Option C, "One testis usually has a lump; the other does not," is incorrect as the presence of a lump on one testis is not a normal finding and should be evaluated by a healthcare provider. Option D, "Both testes usually have lumps," is incorrect as the presence of lumps on the testes would warrant immediate medical attention as it could be a sign of a concerning issue like testicular cancer. Educationally, understanding the normal variations in testicular anatomy is essential for individuals to accurately perform self-examinations and differentiate between normal and abnormal findings. By providing this knowledge, individuals can actively participate in their health care by detecting any abnormalities early and seeking timely medical intervention. Regular testicular self-exams are an important aspect of preventive health care for males, and knowing what is normal can help alleviate unnecessary anxiety and promote early detection of potential issues.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct order of assessment prioritizes the client who is at the highest risk, which is the 68-year-old client experiencing new-onset confusion after a bilateral orchiectomy. Assessing this client first is crucial as sudden confusion can indicate serious underlying issues such as infection, bleeding, or electrolyte imbalances post-surgery. This client's symptoms require immediate attention to prevent any further complications. Assessing the 44-year-old client receiving IV antibiotics for acute pyelonephritis would be the next priority as this client requires monitoring for the effectiveness of the treatment and possible complications related to the infection. The 77-year-old client receiving continuous bladder irrigation after a TURP and the 55-year-old client scheduled for discharge after a TURP can be assessed last as they are in relatively stable conditions compared to the other clients. Educational context: This question helps reinforce the concept of prioritizing patient care based on the urgency and severity of the client's condition. It highlights the importance of critical thinking and clinical judgment in the nursing practice to ensure the safety and well-being of the clients.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Age of menarche, the first menstruation. When obtaining a thorough baseline history of a client related to the reproductive system, understanding the age of menarche is crucial as it provides valuable information about the client's hormonal development and menstrual cycle patterns. This information helps in assessing reproductive health, identifying potential issues, and planning appropriate care. Option B) Accident history is unrelated to obtaining a baseline history of the reproductive system. While it may be important for overall health assessment, it does not directly contribute to understanding the reproductive health of the client. Option C) Mother's past menstruation patterns are also irrelevant to obtaining a baseline history of the client's reproductive system. While family history can provide insights into potential genetic predispositions, it does not give direct information about the client's reproductive health status. Option D) Frequency of sexual activities, while important in certain contexts like assessing risk for sexually transmitted infections or fertility issues, does not provide information necessary for establishing a baseline history of the client's reproductive system. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind obtaining specific information related to the reproductive system is essential for healthcare providers to conduct comprehensive assessments, make informed decisions, and provide individualized care. By focusing on relevant aspects like the age of menarche, nurses can gather pertinent data to support their clinical judgment and promote optimal reproductive health outcomes for their clients.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: Chronic cervicitis, which is the inflammation of the cervix, is commonly caused by bacterial infections. Antibiotics are the appropriate treatment for this condition as they target and eliminate the bacteria responsible for the inflammation. Antibiotics such as doxycycline or azithromycin are often prescribed to treat chronic cervicitis effectively. Antifungals (Option B) are not the correct treatment for chronic cervicitis because fungal infections are not the primary cause of this condition. Antivirals (Option C) would not be effective either since chronic cervicitis is not typically caused by viruses. Anti-inflammatory drugs (Option D) may provide symptomatic relief but do not address the underlying bacterial infection causing chronic cervicitis. In an educational context, understanding the appropriate treatment for different medical conditions is crucial for healthcare professionals, especially those specializing in reproductive health. Knowing the right medication for specific conditions ensures proper patient care and management. Students should grasp the rationale behind treatment options to make informed clinical decisions and provide optimal care to patients with reproductive system disorders.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is option A) Apply zinc oxide to the surrounding skin. This nursing intervention is crucial to prevent maceration in a client with a breast abscess. Zinc oxide acts as a barrier cream, protecting the surrounding skin from irritation and breakdown caused by drainage or wound compresses. By creating a protective layer, zinc oxide helps maintain the skin's integrity and promotes healing without exacerbating the condition. Option B) Use a binder to hold the dressing in place is incorrect because while securing the dressing is important, it does not address the risk of maceration from irritating drainage or wound compresses. Using a binder may even increase the risk of moisture accumulation, leading to further skin breakdown. Option C) Elevate the scrotum to relieve the pain is irrelevant to the scenario presented in the question. This intervention is not applicable to a client with a breast abscess and does not address the issue of maceration. Option D) Limit alcohol intake to 2 drinks per week is also unrelated to the prevention of maceration in a client with a breast abscess. While alcohol consumption can impact overall health and wound healing, it does not directly address the specific nursing intervention needed to prevent maceration in this context. In an educational context, it is essential for nursing students to understand the rationale behind choosing the correct intervention to prevent complications in wound care. By selecting option A and applying zinc oxide, nurses can protect the skin, promote healing, and prevent further discomfort for the client. Understanding the principles of skin integrity and wound care is fundamental for providing effective nursing care and preventing complications in various clinical scenarios.