ATI RN
Introduction to Professional Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse teaches a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Which statements related to nutrition would the nurse include in this client’s teaching? (Select all that do not apply.)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because eating high-fiber foods may lead to bloating and increased gas, which can exacerbate symptoms of COPD. Step 1: High-fiber foods can be difficult to digest, causing discomfort for COPD patients. Step 2: This can lead to increased abdominal pressure, making breathing more challenging for those with COPD. Step 3: Therefore, it is important for COPD patients to avoid high-fiber foods to prevent worsening of symptoms. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they are all appropriate recommendations for a client with COPD to promote optimal nutrition and manage symptoms.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has suffered a nasal fracture. Which assessment would the nurse perform first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Airway patency. Assessing airway patency is the priority in a client with a nasal fracture to ensure adequate oxygenation. If the airway is compromised, it poses a life-threatening risk and requires immediate intervention. Ensuring airway patency takes precedence over assessing facial pain, vital signs, or bone displacement, as these can be addressed once the airway is secured. Assessing vital signs may be important, but airway patency is the most critical initial assessment in this situation. Bone displacement and facial pain assessments are important but secondary to ensuring the client's ability to breathe effectively.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse assesses a client with asthma and notes bilateral wheezing, decreased pulse oxygen saturation, and suprasternal retraction on inhalation. What actions by the nurse are best? (Select all that do not apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Tracheal deviation is not a typical assessment finding in a client with asthma. The presence of bilateral wheezing, decreased oxygen saturation, and suprasternal retraction suggests an exacerbation of asthma, not a condition that would cause tracheal deviation. Administering a salmeterol inhaler (choice A) is appropriate for managing asthma symptoms. Administering oxygen and placing the client on an oximeter (choice C) is also appropriate to monitor oxygen saturation levels. Performing peak expiratory flow readings (choice D) is a standard assessment tool for evaluating asthma severity. However, assessing the client for tracheal deviation (choice B) is not relevant to the management of asthma exacerbation and would not provide helpful information in this case.
Question 4 of 5
Which finding for a patient with mitral valve stenosis would be of most concern to the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Shortness of breath on exertion. In mitral valve stenosis, the narrowing of the valve obstructs blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, leading to increased pressure in the left atrium and pulmonary congestion. Shortness of breath on exertion indicates worsening heart failure and pulmonary congestion, which are critical in mitral valve stenosis. The other options are not directly associated with mitral valve stenosis. A diastolic murmur is a common finding in mitral valve stenosis but may not necessarily indicate worsening condition. Peripheral edema is more commonly seen in right-sided heart failure, and right upper quadrant tenderness is not typically associated with mitral valve stenosis.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is developing a teaching plan for a 64-year-old patient with coronary artery disease (CAD). Which factor should the nurse focus on during the teaching session?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B (Elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level) because it directly correlates with the patient's CAD condition. Elevated LDL cholesterol is a major risk factor for developing CAD. By focusing on lowering the LDL level through lifestyle changes and medication, the nurse can effectively manage and prevent further progression of the disease. A (Family history of coronary artery disease) while important, is a non-modifiable risk factor and may not be as impactful in the teaching plan as addressing the patient's current elevated LDL level. C (Greater risk associated with the patient's gender) is not as relevant in this case because the patient's specific risk factors should be the main focus rather than general gender-related risks. D (Increased risk of cardiovascular disease with aging) is a common risk factor, but in this case, addressing the patient's elevated LDL level would be more specific and beneficial for managing CAD.