A nurse recognizes which of the following as a primary goal of nursing?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Assist patients to achieve a peaceful death. This is a primary goal of nursing as it involves providing comfort, dignity, and support to patients at the end of life. Nurses play a crucial role in ensuring that patients' physical, emotional, and spiritual needs are met during this challenging time. Incorrect choices: B: Improving personal knowledge and skills is important for nurses but not the primary goal of nursing. C: Advocating for quality of life is essential, but the primary goal is to assist patients in achieving a peaceful death. D: Controlling costs is important, but it is not the primary goal of nursing, which is to provide holistic care and support to patients.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because complaining about a nurse preceptor on social media and discussing their unprofessional characteristics can be considered libel. Libel involves making false and damaging statements about someone that are published and seen by others. This action could harm the preceptor's reputation and potentially lead to legal consequences. Choice A is incorrect because snapping a selfie with a patient, if done with the patient's consent and in compliance with privacy laws, does not necessarily constitute libel. Choice B is incorrect because posting a positive review of a hospital is not libelous as long as it is truthful and does not harm anyone's reputation. Choice C is incorrect because creating a closed online forum for students to discuss clinical experiences without providing client information is a professional and ethical practice that respects privacy and confidentiality.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Communication of goal direction. Trait theory suggests that effective leaders possess certain inherent traits, such as the ability to communicate clear goals and direction to their team. This trait is crucial as it helps align team members towards a common purpose, motivating and guiding them towards success. Option A, communication of duties assigned, is focused on tasks rather than overall goals. Option B, adaptability, and changing priorities are more related to situational leadership than inherent traits. Option C, order giving and decision making, is specific actions rather than a trait. Therefore, D is the most suitable trait among the choices provided.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bioterrorism. This is because bioterrorism poses a serious threat to public health and healthcare systems worldwide, requiring preparedness and response strategies. - A: Decreased immigration is not a significant emerging challenge to changes in healthcare. - B: Nursing staff shortages are an ongoing issue but not necessarily a new emerging challenge. - D: Increased surgical procedures may strain resources but are not a specific emerging challenge like bioterrorism.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Chaos theory. Chaos theory explains how complex systems, like organizations, can exhibit unpredictable behavior due to small changes in initial conditions. In this context, the interconnectedness and diverse choices within organizations result in unanticipated consequences. Contingency theory (A) focuses on adapting to environmental factors, closed system theory (B) suggests organizations are isolated from the environment, and open system theory (C) emphasizes interactions with the external environment, but none directly address the unpredictable consequences arising from intertwined links and diverse choices within organizations like Chaos theory does.