A nurse recognizes that a helping relationship is established with a patient if the communication.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Therapeutic communication facilitates a helping relationship that maximizes the client's ability to openly express his thoughts and feelings. The communication is not reciprocal but client-focused. Therapeutic communication is limited to the boundaries of the therapeutic relationship. Therapeutic communication is planned by a health care professional.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) Acute pain. Acute pain can increase the pulse rate through the activation of the sympathetic nervous system, causing the release of adrenaline and noradrenaline, which in turn increase heart rate. A) Hyperthyroidism can increase pulse rate because an overactive thyroid gland can lead to increased metabolism and stimulation of the heart. B) Walking on a treadmill can increase pulse rate as it is a form of physical exercise that requires the heart to pump more blood to supply oxygen to the muscles working during the activity. C) Blood loss can also increase pulse rate as the body tries to compensate for the decrease in blood volume by increasing the heart rate to maintain adequate blood flow to vital organs. It is important for nursing students to understand the various factors that can influence pulse rate as it is a crucial vital sign used in patient assessment. Recognizing the causes of changes in pulse rate can help nurses identify potential health issues or responses to treatment interventions. Understanding the impact of conditions like acute pain on pulse rate is essential in providing holistic patient care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of the development of the nursing profession in the United States after the Civil War, the correct answer is A) lack of educational standards. This is because, during this period, there was a significant lack of standardized educational requirements and regulations for nursing practice. The absence of uniform educational standards hindered the professionalization of nursing and resulted in variations in the quality of care provided by nurses. Option B) hospital-based schools of nursing is incorrect because, although hospital-based training programs were prevalent during this time, they were not a barrier to the development of the nursing profession. In fact, these programs played a crucial role in training nurses and providing them with practical experience. Option C) lack of influence from nursing leaders is incorrect because there were influential nursing leaders emerging during this period, such as Florence Nightingale and Clara Barton, who contributed significantly to the advancement of nursing as a profession. Option D) independence of nursing orders is also incorrect as the presence of nursing orders, though independent entities, did not act as a barrier to the development of the nursing profession. These orders often provided valuable care and training to nurses. In an educational context, understanding the historical barriers to the professionalization of nursing is crucial for students studying nursing history. Recognizing the impact of factors such as educational standards on the evolution of the nursing profession can help students appreciate the strides made in establishing nursing as a respected and regulated profession today. By analyzing past challenges, students can also gain insights into the importance of advocating for educational standards and professional regulations in contemporary nursing practice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of nursing education, the correct answer, Option B, using research findings to improve practice, is expected of a nurse with a baccalaureate degree due to the emphasis on evidence-based practice in higher education programs. Baccalaureate-prepared nurses are trained to critically evaluate research, apply evidence to their practice, and contribute to advancements in healthcare through research utilization. Option A, providing direct physical care, is a fundamental nursing responsibility across all levels of nursing education, not specific to a baccalaureate degree. Option C, administering medications as prescribed, is a task that can be delegated to various levels of nursing personnel based on training and competencies, not exclusive to baccalaureate-educated nurses. Option D, collaborating with other healthcare providers, is a crucial aspect of nursing practice at all levels. However, the emphasis on utilizing research findings to improve practice is a hallmark of baccalaureate nursing education, aligning with the broader scope of practice and leadership responsibilities associated with this level of preparation.