ATI RN
Psychobiologic Disorders Med Surg 2 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse provided medication education for a patient diagnosed with major depression who began a new prescription for phenelzine (Nardil). Which behavior indicates effective learning? The patient:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Over-the-counter medicines may contain vasopressor agents or tyramine, a substance that must be avoided when the patient takes MAOI antidepressants. Medications for colds, allergies, or congestion or any preparation that contains ephedrine or phenylpropanolamine may precipitate a hypertensive crisis. MAOI antidepressant therapy is unrelated to the need for sodium limitation, support stockings, or leg elevation. MAOIs interact with tyramine-containing foods, not selenium, to produce dangerously high blood pressure.
Question 2 of 5
During a psychiatric assessment, the nurse observes a patients facial expression is without emotion. The patient says, Life feels so hopeless to me. Ive been feeling sad for several months. How will the nurse document the patients affect and mood?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Affect flat; mood depressed. The nurse will document the patient's affect as flat because the patient's facial expressions are without emotion. Affect refers to the external display of one's emotions. The patient's mood will be documented as depressed because the patient expressed feelings of hopelessness and sadness for several months. Mood refers to the internal emotional state of an individual. Option A is incorrect because the affect is flat, not depressed. Option C is incorrect because the affect is not labile (fluctuating) and the mood is not euphoric. Option D is incorrect because the affect and mood are congruent in this case, both indicating a state of depression. In an educational context, understanding the distinction between affect and mood is crucial in psychiatric assessments to accurately capture the patient's emotional experience. Nurses need to be able to differentiate between affect (outward expression) and mood (internal emotional state) to provide appropriate care and interventions for patients with psychobiologic disorders.
Question 3 of 5
A patient diagnosed with major depression received six electroconvulsive therapy sessions and aggressive doses of antidepressant medication. The patient owns a small business and was counseled not to make major decisions for a month. Select the correct rationale for this counseling.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Recent memory impairment and/or confusion is often present during and for a short time after electroconvulsive therapy. An inappropriate business decision might be made because of forgotten important details. The rationales are untrue statements in the incorrect responses. The patient needing time to reorient to a pressured work schedule is less relevant than the correct rationale.
Question 4 of 5
The student nurse caring for a patient diagnosed with depression reads in the patients medical record, This patient shows vegetative signs of depression. Which nursing diagnoses most clearly relate to the vegetative signs? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this case, option B) Chronic low self-esteem is the correct answer that most clearly relates to the vegetative signs of depression. Vegetative signs of depression refer to physical symptoms such as changes in sleep patterns, appetite, energy levels, and psychomotor activity. Chronic low self-esteem is a common nursing diagnosis related to depression as individuals with depression often experience feelings of worthlessness, hopelessness, and low self-esteem which can manifest as physical symptoms. Option A) Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements may be related to depression, but it does not specifically address the vegetative signs mentioned in the question. While depression can impact appetite and nutritional intake, the vegetative signs are more closely linked to the physical manifestations of depression. Option C) Sexual dysfunction and option D) Self-care deficit, while they can be associated with depression, do not directly address the vegetative signs of depression as outlined in the question. These options focus on different aspects of the patient's well-being and care needs. From an educational perspective, it is important for nursing students to understand the specific terminology and manifestations associated with psychiatric disorders like depression. Understanding how different nursing diagnoses relate to specific symptoms of depression can help students provide targeted and holistic care to patients experiencing these conditions. By focusing on the vegetative signs in this scenario, students can learn to identify and address the physical symptoms of depression in their patient assessments and care plans.
Question 5 of 5
A woman is 57, 160 lbs, and wears a size 8 shoe. She says, My feet are huge. Ive asked three orthopedists to surgically reduce my feet. This person tries to buy shoes to make her feet look smaller and, in social settings, conceals both feet under a table or chair. Which health problem is likely?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Body dysmorphic disorder refers to a preoccupation with an imagined defect in appearance in a normalappearing person. The patients feet are proportional to the rest of the body. In obsessive-compulsive or related disorder due to a medical condition, the individuals symptoms of obsessions and compulsions are a direct physiological result of a medical condition. Social anxiety disorder, also called social phobia, is characterized by severe anxiety or fear provoked by exposure to a social or a performance situation that will be evaluated negatively by others. People with separation anxiety disorder exhibit developmentally inappropriate levels of concern over being away from a significant other.