A nurse, preparing for a patients discharge after surgery, is teaching the patients wife to change the dressing. How can the nurse be certain the wife knows the procedure?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Have the wife demonstrate the procedure. This is the best way to ensure understanding and competence. By having the wife demonstrate the dressing change, the nurse can assess her actual skills and correct any misunderstandings in real-time. Merely telling her (choice A) may not guarantee comprehension. Providing information about supplies (choice B) is important but does not assess the wife's ability to perform the task. Asking another nurse to reinforce teaching (choice D) does not directly assess the wife's understanding and ability to perform the dressing change.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: graphic record. Graphic records are commonly used to document specific patient variables like vital signs as they provide a visual representation of these data over time. This format allows for easy tracking and comparison of trends. Progress notes (A) typically focus on a patient's overall progress and response to treatment, rather than specific variables like vital signs. Nursing notes (B) may include observations and assessments but are not typically used for detailed recording of vital signs. Critical paths (C) are used to outline a patient's expected course of treatment and milestones, not for recording specific patient variables. Therefore, the graphic record is the most appropriate choice for documenting specific patient variables such as vital signs.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: preventing illness. The smoking-cessation program aims to prevent the development of smoking-related health issues, aligning with the preventive aspect of nursing. By helping patients quit smoking, the nurse is actively working to reduce the risk of various illnesses associated with smoking. Choices A, C, and D do not directly address the proactive nature of preventing illness. Promoting health (A) focuses on overall well-being, restoring health (C) involves actions to return to a previous state of health, and facilitating coping with disability or death (D) pertains to managing existing conditions or end-of-life care, which are not the primary objectives of the smoking-cessation program in this scenario.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: person. In nursing theories, the person is the central focus as the recipient of care. Nurses provide holistic care tailored to each individual's physical, emotional, and spiritual needs. The person-centered approach emphasizes the importance of understanding the unique characteristics and experiences of each patient. The other choices are incorrect because: B: environment focuses on the external factors impacting health but is not the primary focus of nursing. C: health is an outcome of nursing care and not the main focus. D: nursing is the profession itself and the practice of providing care, but it is not the main focus of nursing theories, which center around the individual receiving care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Physical. Down syndrome is a genetic condition that affects physical development and health. Physical dimension refers to the body's physiological aspects, including genetics, anatomy, and functioning. This directly impacts the baby's health-illness status. Summary: B: Emotional - Down syndrome may lead to emotional challenges, but the primary impact is on physical health. C: Environmental - Environmental factors can influence health, but Down syndrome is primarily a genetic condition. D: Sociocultural - Sociocultural factors can affect health, but Down syndrome is mainly a physical condition.