A nurse practitioner is caring for a couple who are the parents of an infant diagnosed with Down's Syndrome. The nurse makes referrals for a parent support group for the family. This is an example of which nursing role?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Counselor. The nurse making referrals for a parent support group demonstrates the role of a counselor by providing emotional support, guidance, and resources to help the family cope with their situation. This goes beyond educating or leading the parents (choices A and B) and does not specifically involve collaboration with other healthcare professionals (choice D). Counseling involves actively listening, empathizing, and assisting individuals or families in dealing with emotional challenges, which is the primary role demonstrated in this scenario.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: an acute illness. A rapid onset of symptoms indicates an acute illness because acute illnesses typically develop quickly and have a short duration. This contrasts with chronic illnesses (choice A), which persist over a long period. Actual risk factor (choice C) refers to a characteristic that increases the likelihood of developing a health problem, not the nature of the problem itself. Potential for wellness (choice D) is not directly related to the onset and duration of symptoms, making it an incorrect choice.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because Maslow's hierarchy of needs states that certain needs are more fundamental and must be satisfied before higher-level needs can be addressed. This theory suggests that individuals must fulfill physiological and safety needs before progressing to social, esteem, and self-actualization needs. By prioritizing basic needs first, individuals can achieve a sense of fulfillment and well-being. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not align with the hierarchical nature of Maslow's theory, which emphasizes the importance of meeting lower-level needs before advancing to higher-level ones.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Code of Ethics. Nurses use the Code of Ethics as a framework for practice because it provides guidelines on ethical decision-making and professional expectations. The Code outlines the values, duties, and responsibilities of nurses, ensuring they uphold ethical standards in patient care. B: Standards of Care focus on the quality and safety of patient care, not specifically on ethical decision-making. C: Definition of Nursing describes the scope and role of nursing practice but does not specifically address ethical decision-making. D: Values Clarification is a process to help individuals identify their own values and beliefs, but it does not serve as a professional framework for nursing practice.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: negligence. Negligence refers to the failure to exercise the standard of care that a reasonably prudent person would have in a similar situation. In this case, the nurse failed to assist with ambulation, which resulted in harm to the patient. The charge of negligence would be appropriate as the nurse did not fulfill their duty of care to prevent harm to the patient. The other choices are incorrect: A: Assault involves intentional acts that cause a person to fear that they will be physically harmed. The nurse did not intend for the patient to fall. B: Battery involves intentional harmful or offensive contact with another person without their consent. The nurse did not intentionally cause harm to the patient. C: Fraud involves intentional deception for personal gain. There is no evidence of intentional deception in this scenario.