A nurse on the pediatric unit is providing room assignments for children who are to be admitted to the unit. The nurse should plan to place a child who is postoperative from an appendectomy with which of the following clients?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. A child post-appendectomy requires close monitoring for complications like infection or bleeding. Placing them with a child with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus would be appropriate as both may need monitoring and interventions related to their conditions. Choices A, B, and C involve conditions that do not directly relate to post-appendectomy care and would not benefit from being placed together.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assessing a client who experiences unilateral calf pain when ambulating. This is the priority action because unilateral calf pain can be a sign of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a potentially life-threatening condition. The nurse should assess the client immediately to rule out DVT and prevent complications. Choice A is incorrect because taking a telephone prescription can be delegated to another qualified staff member, and it is not an urgent priority. Choice C is incorrect because reinforcing a dressing for an above-the-knee amputation, while important, is not as urgent as assessing for a potential DVT. Choice D is incorrect because reassuring the partner of a client with a closed head injury, while supportive, is not the priority compared to assessing a client with potential DVT.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Encourage the client to verbalize questions. This action demonstrates client advocacy by empowering the client to ask questions, express concerns, and actively participate in their care. It promotes informed decision-making and ensures that the client's needs and preferences are considered. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not prioritize the client's autonomy, rights, and well-being. Insisting the client take prescribed medications (B) disregards the client's right to make decisions about their own care. Informing the client that the medication is the same as taken at home (C) may not address the client's individual concerns or preferences. Telling the client that refusal of the medication is considered noncompliance (D) can be coercive and does not respect the client's right to refuse treatment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because a positive PPD test with an abnormal chest x-ray indicates tuberculosis (TB), which is an airborne transmitted disease. Airborne precautions are required to prevent the spread of TB. Choice A is incorrect because AIDS with CMV does not require airborne precautions. CMV is primarily transmitted through body fluids. Choice C is incorrect because viral pneumonia, even with brown sputum, does not require airborne precautions as it is transmitted through respiratory droplets. Choice D is incorrect because advanced carcinoma of the lung with hemoptysis does not require airborne precautions as it is not an airborne transmitted disease.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Contact isolation. MRSA is primarily spread through direct contact with infected individuals or contaminated surfaces. Therefore, placing the client in contact isolation helps prevent the spread of the infection to others. A: Reverse isolation is used to protect immunocompromised patients from infections. B: Airborne isolation is for diseases spread through droplets in the air. C: Standard precautions are for all patients and do not specifically address MRSA. In summary, contact isolation is most appropriate for a client with MRSA pneumonia as it focuses on preventing direct transmission of the infection, unlike the other options which are not tailored to MRSA.