A nurse observes a student nurse examining a newborn baby boys scrotum and testicles. The student softly palpates the scrotum with all five digits of the dominant hand and states that there is only one testicle present. What action by the nurse is best?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the best action for the nurse to take is option C: Have the student repeat the exam using the proper technique. This is the correct choice because it addresses the immediate concern of ensuring that the newborn baby is properly assessed without jumping to unnecessary actions or causing alarm to the parents. Option A is incorrect because relying solely on familial traits without proper examination and confirmation could lead to overlooking a potential medical issue. Option B is not warranted at this stage as referring to a urologist based solely on a student's initial assessment could be premature and unnecessarily escalate the situation. Educationally, this scenario highlights the importance of proper assessment techniques in nursing care, especially when dealing with newborns. It emphasizes the need for thoroughness, accuracy, and sensitivity in conducting physical examinations. By having the student repeat the exam using the correct technique, the nurse can guide their learning process and ensure that they develop the necessary skills for accurate assessments in the future.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Preventing temperature instability is a critical nursing action when bathing an infant in the hospital. If the infant's temperature is within normal limits, the baby can be given a sponge bath. After the umbilical cord stump falls off, the infant can be bathed in a tub of water. Obtaining needed supplies is always important prior to performing any procedure, but this is not as important as maintaining safety. Taking the blood pressure is not needed.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Nurses can foster attachment in several ways, including encouraging parents to invite siblings and other family members to visit for short periods of time to avoid tiring the mother and overstimulating the baby. Of course sick people should not visit. Others can be recruited to feed the baby, and often relatives and close friends desire to do so. If all the visiting takes place when the baby is sleeping, the baby and the visitors cannot get to know each other.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) "You will have to arrange screening before the end of the baby's first week of life." This is the correct option because newborn screening for metabolic disorders is typically done within the first few days of life to ensure early detection and intervention if any disorder is present. Screening within the first week allows healthcare providers to promptly identify and manage any metabolic disorders that could potentially be life-threatening if not treated early. Option A) "A blood test will be performed within the first 2 weeks of your baby's life" is incorrect because waiting for 2 weeks could delay necessary interventions for newborns with metabolic disorders. Option B) "Newborns born at home do not need to be screened for metabolic diseases" is incorrect as all newborns, regardless of the birth setting, should undergo screening to detect any potential health issues early on. Option D) "Your birth attendant can draw blood from the umbilical cord for metabolic screening" is incorrect because newborn screening typically involves a blood sample taken from the baby's heel, not from the umbilical cord. In an educational context, it is crucial for healthcare providers to emphasize to pregnant women the importance of timely newborn screening for metabolic disorders to ensure the well-being of the newborn. Educating expectant mothers on the significance of early screening can help prevent serious complications and provide the necessary support and interventions if needed.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A positive crossed extension reflex occurs when the infant is supine and one foot is stimulated. The infant should flex, adduct, and then extend the opposite leg. Tapping the forehead is part of the glabellar reflex assessment. The crawling reflex is present when the infant attempts to crawl while prone. The Galant reflex (or trunk incurvation reflex) is assessed with the infant in a prone position. Stroke one side of the vertebral column and watch the baby's buttocks curve toward the side where the stimulation occurred.