A nurse notes that a baby is lying in a crib in the tonic neck position. In which of the following positions is the baby lying?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) One of the baby's arms and one of its legs are extended to the same side the baby's head is facing. This position describes the tonic neck reflex, also known as the fencing position. In this position, when the baby's head is turned to one side, the arm and leg on that side extend while the opposite arm and leg flex. This reflex is important for assessing neurological development in infants. Option B) describes head tilt, which is not related to the tonic neck reflex. Option C) describes the opisthotonos position, which is a hyperextended posture seen in conditions like meningitis. Option D) describes the asymmetric tonic neck reflex, where the body arches to one side when the baby is lying prone. Understanding these infant reflexes is crucial for healthcare professionals working with newborns as they provide insights into the infant's neurological status and development. Recognizing and interpreting these reflexes help in early identification of any potential issues and appropriate interventions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Hypothermia. Translucent skin with visible veins in a newborn baby can indicate a lack of subcutaneous fat, which can lead to difficulty in maintaining body temperature, making the baby prone to hypothermia. Newborns have a higher surface area-to-body mass ratio, which makes them more susceptible to heat loss. Option A) Polycythemia is incorrect because translucent skin is not typically associated with an increased red blood cell count. Option C) Hyperglycemia is not directly related to the physical manifestation described. Option D) Polyuria, excessive urination, is not typically associated with translucent skin in a newborn. Educationally, understanding the signs and symptoms of newborn conditions is crucial for nurses caring for high-risk neonates. Monitoring for hypothermia in this case is vital to prevent complications. Nurses should be knowledgeable about newborn physiology and common issues to provide appropriate care and interventions promptly.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) The fetal heart remains stable in relation to 3 contractions. In a contraction stress test (CST), a negative result indicates that the fetus can tolerate the stress of labor contractions. This is evidenced by the fetal heart rate remaining stable during contractions, indicating that the fetus is not experiencing distress. Option B) stating that uterine contractions last longer than 90 seconds is incorrect because prolonged contractions can lead to reduced oxygen supply to the fetus, resulting in a positive CST. Option C) stating that the mother reports a pain level less than 5 on a 10-point scale is incorrect as maternal pain is not a factor in interpreting the CST results. Option D) stating that the baby moves spontaneously 3 times in 20 minutes is incorrect as fetal movement is not a parameter used to interpret CST results. In an educational context, understanding how to interpret CST results is crucial in the management of high-risk pregnancies. Nurses need to be able to recognize what constitutes a negative or positive result to provide appropriate care and interventions for both the mother and the fetus. This knowledge ensures the safety and well-being of both during the antepartum period.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) "Do you ever have unprotected intercourse?" This question is the most important because the client's report of feeling a hard thing on her vaginal lip could indicate a sexually transmitted infection (STI) like a genital wart, which can be transmitted through unprotected sexual intercourse. By asking about unprotected intercourse, the nurse can assess the client's risk for STIs and provide appropriate education on safe sex practices and STI prevention. Option A) "Have any of your partners ever hurt you?" is incorrect because it does not address the client's current symptom of a hard thing on her vaginal lip and focuses more on a history of partner violence. Option C) "Have you ever had a baby?" is irrelevant to the client's presenting concern and does not address the potential STI risk. Option D) "Do you think you may be pregnant?" is also not relevant to the client's complaint of a hard thing on her vaginal lip. While pregnancy testing may be important in some cases, it is not the priority in this situation where an STI is suspected. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of thorough assessment and critical thinking in identifying potential health risks in high-risk populations like young, sexually active individuals. It emphasizes the need for nurses to ask targeted questions to gather essential information for effective care and intervention.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In obstetrics, the notation G6 P3214 refers to the woman's gravidity (total number of pregnancies) and parity (outcomes of those pregnancies). In this case, G6 means the woman has been pregnant 6 times, P3214 means she has had 3 full-term deliveries, 2 preterm deliveries, 1 abortion, and 4 living children. Option A is correct because it aligns with the notation G6 P3214. The woman is currently pregnant (G6), and she has 3 living children (P3). Option B is incorrect because it states the woman had 2 full-term pregnancies, which does not match the parity described in P3214. Option C is incorrect as it mentions 4 preterm babies, which is not consistent with the provided parity information. Option D is incorrect as it mentions 1 abortion, whereas the given parity includes 1 abortion along with other outcomes. Understanding gravidity and parity is crucial in obstetric care to assess a woman's reproductive history accurately, guide prenatal care, and anticipate potential risks in high-risk pregnancies. This knowledge is essential for nurses and other healthcare providers caring for pregnant women.