A nurse is working with a patient who has depression and reports feeling tired and unmotivated. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because encouraging the patient to participate in small, achievable activities aligns with behavioral activation therapy, which is an evidence-based approach for treating depression. By engaging in activities, the patient can experience a sense of accomplishment, boost self-esteem, and improve motivation. A: While exercise can be beneficial for depression, it may be overwhelming for a patient feeling tired and unmotivated. B: Trying a new hobby may not address the underlying lack of motivation and may not be achievable for someone with depression. C: Reassurance alone may not be sufficient for addressing the symptoms of depression and medication may not be the only solution.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Disorganized thinking and speech. This is a common symptom of schizophrenia known as formal thought disorder. Patients with schizophrenia often have difficulty organizing their thoughts and expressing themselves coherently. This symptom is characteristic of the cognitive deficits associated with the disorder. Incorrect choices: B: Extreme sadness and hopelessness - This describes symptoms of depression, not schizophrenia. C: Excessive worry and fear - This describes symptoms of anxiety disorders, not schizophrenia. D: Hyperactivity and impulsiveness - This describes symptoms of ADHD, not schizophrenia.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Providing a calm, quiet environment. During a depressive episode in bipolar disorder, the patient may feel overwhelmed and agitated. Providing a calm, quiet environment can help reduce stress and promote relaxation, which is beneficial in managing depressive symptoms. Other choices are incorrect because group therapy (choice A) may be overwhelming, reassuring the symptoms will resolve (choice C) may minimize the severity of the condition, and encouraging social activities (choice D) may be too demanding for the patient during a depressive episode.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Accepting the handmade card of appreciation from Becky is appropriate as it is a gesture of gratitude for the care provided. It helps foster a positive therapeutic relationship and validates the impact of your care. Rejecting it could potentially hurt Becky's feelings and undermine the trust and rapport built during her care. State laws or her illness are not relevant factors in this scenario. Accepting the card aligns with ethical principles of compassion and human connection.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: No. The nurse cannot disclose information to the surviving spouse. As a healthcare professional, the nurse is bound by patient confidentiality even after the patient's death. The information regarding sexual abuse is considered confidential and cannot be shared without the patient's consent. Revealing such sensitive information without the patient's permission would violate the client's privacy rights and ethical principles of confidentiality. It is crucial to uphold confidentiality to maintain trust and protect the client's dignity, even after their passing. Choices A and C are incorrect because they suggest disclosing information without considering the legal and ethical implications. Choice D is incorrect as the decision should not be based on subjective feelings but on established principles of confidentiality and ethical guidelines.