A nurse is working with a patient who has bipolar disorder. The patient is currently in a manic episode. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Providing a calm and structured environment. During a manic episode, individuals with bipolar disorder may exhibit high energy levels, impulsivity, and decreased need for sleep. A calm and structured environment can help reduce stimuli that may exacerbate manic symptoms and promote stability. It can also help prevent impulsive behaviors and maintain a sense of safety. Choice A (Encouraging the patient to engage in social activities) may not be appropriate during a manic episode as social interactions can be overwhelming and may lead to increased impulsivity. Choice C (Reassuring the patient that their symptoms will improve with medication) may not be effective during an acute manic episode as immediate symptom relief may not be achieved solely through medication. Choice D (Allowing the patient to express their feelings without limits) may not provide the necessary structure and boundaries needed to manage manic symptoms effectively.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Over-involvement. This is because the nurse's strong emotional response to the client, based on their similarities to the nurse's estranged spouse, may lead to over-involvement in the client's care. The nurse may project unresolved feelings or issues onto the client, impacting their ability to maintain appropriate professional boundaries. Summary: B: Misuse of honesty - Not directly related to the emotional response of the nurse towards the client. C: Indifference - Opposite of over-involvement, unlikely to result from the described scenario. D: Rescue - While the nurse may feel compelled to rescue the client due to their emotional response, over-involvement is a more direct result.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: State Boards of Nursing. State Boards of Nursing are responsible for regulating the nursing profession, including determining the titles that registered nurses can use and their scope of practice. They establish legal requirements for nursing licensure and define the standards of practice for nurses. Professional organizations (B) may provide guidelines but do not have the legal authority to determine titles or scope of practice. Custom as a standard of care (C) varies and may not always align with legal regulations. Institutional policies and procedures (D) are specific to each healthcare facility and do not have the authority to define the legal scope of practice for nurses.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Consultation most often occurs during the Planning phase of the nursing process. During this phase, the nurse collaborates with other healthcare professionals to develop a comprehensive plan of care for the patient. This involves seeking input, advice, and expertise from various team members to ensure the best possible outcome for the patient. The Planning phase is where all the gathered information from the Assessment phase is synthesized and used to create specific interventions and goals for the patient. Consultation helps in refining the plan and ensuring that it aligns with evidence-based practices and interdisciplinary perspectives. Summary of other choices: A: Assessment - Involves collecting data about the patient's health status. Consultation typically happens after the assessment phase. B: Diagnosis - Involves analyzing data to identify health problems. Consultation is not primarily focused on making a diagnosis. D: Evaluation - Involves assessing the effectiveness of the care plan. Consultation is more focused on developing the plan rather than evaluating it.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because assessing how the patient's family views mental illness is crucial in understanding environmental factors affecting mental health. This statement shows recognition of the influence of social support and stigma. Choices B and D focus on individual or economic factors, not environmental influences. Choice C is relevant to cultural considerations, but it does not directly address environmental factors impacting mental health like choice A does.