ATI RN
Infection Control Quiz Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is volunteering in an indigent clinic. She is seeing a patient whom she suspects has active tuberculosis. In this disease process, which of the following body systems serves as both the reservoir and portal of entry for this infection?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, the respiratory system. In active tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis is primarily transmitted through aerosolized droplets via the respiratory system. The lungs serve as both the reservoir, where the bacteria can multiply and thrive, and the portal of entry, allowing the organism to enter the body. The gastrointestinal system (A) is not the primary site for tuberculosis infection. The integumentary system (C) is the skin, which is not the reservoir or portal of entry for tuberculosis. The hematologic system (D) refers to the blood and is not the primary site for tuberculosis infection.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse has just completed a blood draw for a patient with unknown HIV status. Which of the following is the correct way to dispose of the needle?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Place the needle in the nearest puncture-resistant container. This is the correct way to dispose of the needle because it ensures safe containment of the sharp object immediately after use, reducing the risk of accidental needle sticks and potential transmission of infections like HIV. Breaking the needle (choice A) can lead to injuries, and placing it in a distant container increases the chances of mishandling. Using any biohazard disposal container (choice C) may not necessarily be puncture-resistant, posing a risk. Recapping the needle (choice D) is discouraged as it increases the risk of needle stick injuries. Ultimately, placing the needle in the nearest puncture-resistant container ensures immediate safe disposal and minimizes risks effectively.
Question 3 of 5
A 17-year-old male presents to the emergency department after slipping outside of a pool and hitting his head. The client is alert and oriented but is determined to have a mild concussion. Which of the following instructions would be appropriate for the nurse to administer prior to discharge?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: “Mild headaches are to be expected over the next week.” This is appropriate because mild headaches are a common symptom following a mild concussion. It is important for the patient to be aware of this so they don't become overly concerned. Choice A is incorrect because it is not necessary to avoid eating or drinking anything but water for 24 hours after a mild concussion. Choice B is incorrect because the patient should not be instructed to sleep supine with the head of the bed flat. It is recommended to elevate the head slightly to help reduce swelling. Choice D is incorrect because setting an alarm to wake up once every hour overnight is not necessary for a mild concussion. It is important for the patient to rest, but waking up every hour may disrupt sleep and hinder recovery.
Question 4 of 5
The charge nurse is preparing to admit a client with acute confusion secondary to UTI. The client has been known to be combative at times and tries frequently to get out of bed. Which of the following beds should the nurse assign to the client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: a bed near the nurses' station. This choice is the safest option for a client with acute confusion and combative behavior. Placing the client near the nurses' station allows for closer monitoring and quicker intervention if the client tries to get out of bed or becomes agitated. The proximity to the nursing staff can help prevent falls, ensure prompt assistance, and maintain a safe environment. Choice A: a bed distanced from the nursing station and other client rooms, is incorrect because it can lead to delayed response time and increased risk of falls or injury for the client. Choice B: a bed in a shared room with a client recovering from abdominal laparoscopy, is incorrect because the other client's condition may not be conducive to a safe environment for a combative client. Choice C: a bed near the elevators, is incorrect as it does not provide the necessary supervision and support for a client with acute confusion and combative behavior.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client receiving radiation for breast cancer. The client complains of redness and irritation at the radiation site. Which recommendation by the nurse is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: “Avoid shaving over or near the radiation treatment site.” Shaving can further irritate the skin and increase the risk of infection at the radiation site. By avoiding shaving, the client can reduce the risk of skin damage and irritation. Incorrect choices: A: “Only bathe once a week to prevent drying out the skin.” - Infrequent bathing can lead to poor hygiene and does not address the specific issue of skin irritation from radiation. B: “Wear tight clothing against your skin.” - Tight clothing can exacerbate skin irritation by rubbing against the affected area. D: “Apply scented lotions to the radiation site to ease pain and irritation.” - Scented lotions can contain irritants that may worsen skin irritation and should be avoided near the radiation site.