A nurse is using feminist ethics when planning a program for women to promote screening and early detection of breast cancer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Understanding the oppression of women. Feminist ethics in healthcare focus on addressing systemic inequalities and power dynamics that impact women's health. Breast cancer screening programs tailored for women must consider the historical and social context of gender-based oppression and discrimination that may affect access to healthcare services. By understanding the oppression of women, the nurse can design a program that is sensitive to these issues and aims to empower women to take control of their health. Option A) Importance of relationships may be important in nursing care but does not directly relate to the feminist ethics aspect of understanding oppression. Option C) Importance of responsibility when caring for others is a general nursing principle and does not specifically address the gender-specific considerations needed in this context. Option D) Understanding the imbalance of power is relevant to feminist ethics, but in this case, understanding the oppression of women is more directly related to the specific context of promoting breast cancer screening and early detection in women. Educationally, it's crucial for nurses to be aware of feminist ethics and how they can be applied in healthcare to promote gender equality and improve health outcomes for women. Understanding the social determinants of health and how they intersect with gender is essential in providing holistic and patient-centered care. By choosing the correct answer, nurses can advocate for women's health rights and work towards creating more equitable healthcare systems.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) Evaluation. Evaluation is the phase of the nursing process where the nurse assesses the client's response to interventions and determines if the goals and outcomes have been achieved. In this case, by weighing the person diagnosed with a dysfunction in the nutritional-metabolic pattern, the nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of the interventions implemented to address the nutritional issue. Option A) Assessment is incorrect because assessment involves collecting data about the client's health status, which is typically done at the beginning of the nursing process. Option B) Implementation is incorrect as it involves carrying out the planned interventions to address the client's needs. Weighing the person is not considered implementation. Option C) Planning is incorrect as it involves setting goals and planning interventions based on the assessment data. Weighing the person does not fall under the planning phase. In an educational context, understanding the different phases of the nursing process is crucial for nurses to provide effective and holistic care to their clients. Evaluation is a critical step that helps nurses determine the effectiveness of their interventions and make necessary adjustments to ensure optimal patient outcomes. It is essential for nurses to master these concepts to excel in providing quality patient care and passing nursing exams like the NCLEX.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Health-perception–health-management. When a client fails to take insulin regularly, it indicates a conflict in their health-perception–health-management pattern. This pattern involves how individuals perceive their health and how they manage it, including adherence to prescribed treatment regimens like taking insulin. Option B) Cognitive-perceptual is incorrect because this pattern relates to the client's sensory, perceptual, and cognitive processes, which are not directly linked to insulin non-compliance. Option C) Elimination is not the correct answer as it pertains to bowel and bladder function, not medication adherence. Option D) Values-beliefs is also incorrect as it focuses on the client's values, beliefs, and spiritual practices, which may influence health behaviors but is not directly related to insulin non-adherence. Educationally, understanding the functional health patterns in the context of pharmacology is crucial for nurses and healthcare professionals to assess and intervene effectively in patient care. Recognizing how deviations in these patterns can impact medication compliance helps in providing holistic care and promoting positive health outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Only sees a physician if not feeling well. This behavior aligns with an alteration in the health-perception–health-management pattern and values-beliefs pattern. The individual acknowledges the need for medical intervention only when experiencing symptoms, indicating a lack of proactive health management and possibly a belief that seeking medical help is only necessary when feeling unwell. Option A) Never sees a physician is incorrect because it implies a complete avoidance of seeking medical care, which may not necessarily be the case for the described behavior in the question. Option C) Sees a physician for screenings only is incorrect as it suggests a more proactive approach to health management than what is described in the question. Seeking screenings indicates some level of health awareness and preventive care, which does not align with the behavior described. Option D) Sees a physician for follow-up care of a chronic disease is incorrect because it implies a more established relationship with healthcare providers and a specific health condition, which is not indicated in the scenario. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding how an individual's health perception, management patterns, and values can influence their healthcare-seeking behaviors. It emphasizes the need for nurses to assess these patterns to provide individualized care and support health promotion efforts effectively.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Gordon. Gordon's functional health patterns serve as a comprehensive framework for nurses to conduct holistic assessments and make accurate nursing diagnoses. These patterns include health perception and health management, nutritional-metabolic, elimination, activity-exercise, sleep-rest, cognitive-perceptual, self-perception and self-concept, role-relationship, sexuality-reproductive, coping-stress tolerance, and value-belief patterns. This framework helps nurses gather relevant data systematically to understand the patient's health status comprehensively. Option A) Erikson is known for his psychosocial development theory, which focuses on stages of development throughout the lifespan, not on nursing assessment frameworks. Option C) Newman is associated with the theory of health as expanding consciousness, which emphasizes the nurse-patient relationship and evolving consciousness, not on functional health patterns for assessment. Option D) Nightingale is known for her environmental theory of nursing, emphasizing clean and supportive environments for healing, rather than a framework for nursing assessment and diagnosis. Understanding Gordon's functional health patterns is crucial for nursing practice as it guides nurses in conducting thorough assessments, identifying health deviations, and planning individualized care to promote optimal health and well-being for patients.