A nurse is trying to determine whether a client is exhibiting symptoms of depression or of her medical illness. Which of the following group of symptoms would indicate to the nurse that the client may be experiencing depression in addition to being medically ill?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because feeling guilty, difficulty making decisions, and low self-esteem are classic symptoms of depression that are not typically associated with medical illnesses. Feeling guilty and low self-esteem are emotional symptoms commonly seen in depression, while difficulty making decisions is a cognitive symptom often linked with depression. This combination of symptoms suggests a psychological component beyond just the physical manifestations of the medical illness. Choice A is incorrect because frequent crying is not specifically indicative of depression and can occur in response to physical pain or distress related to the medical illness. Choice B is incorrect because low self-esteem alone is not enough to conclusively suggest depression in this context, as it can also be a response to the challenges of dealing with a medical condition. Choice D is incorrect because loss of energy can be a symptom of both depression and medical illness, making it less specific to identifying depression in this case.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Animated and cheerful manner. In a psychiatric setting, being overly cheerful can be perceived as insincere or dismissive of the client's feelings. Step 1: Establishing rapport with a quiet and empathetic manner is important to build trust and show understanding. Step 2: A matter-of-fact manner helps convey information clearly and concisely. Step 3: A respectful, direct manner is crucial for setting boundaries and maintaining professionalism. Overall, being overly cheerful may not align with the client's emotional state and could hinder the therapeutic relationship.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Carl Jung. Jung is not a humanistic theorist; he is known for his analytical psychology, which focuses on the collective unconscious and archetypes. Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow are humanistic theorists who emphasize self-actualization and the importance of human potential. Frederick Perls is associated with Gestalt therapy, not humanistic theory. Therefore, the nursing students need additional study to correctly identify Carl Jung as a psychodynamic theorist, not a humanistic one.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Young adults. Young adults typically experience the greatest number of Sad, Blue, or Depressed Days (SBDD) due to various factors such as transitioning into adulthood, academic pressures, career uncertainties, and relationship challenges. This age group is often more susceptible to mental health issues compared to other groups. Women, men, and older adults may also experience SBDD, but research shows that young adults consistently report higher levels of emotional distress. It is crucial for nursing students to understand these trends to provide appropriate care and support to different demographic groups.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Alcohol consumption affects psychomotor skills similarly to sleep deprivation. 2. Both can impair cognitive functions, reaction times, and decision-making abilities. 3. Alcohol disrupts sleep patterns, leading to similar impairments as sleep deprivation. 4. Excessive alcohol consumption can result in accidents and fatalities, similar to sleep-deprived individuals. Summary: A: Sleeping in excess of 10 hours does not typically lead to psychomotor impairments like sleep deprivation. B: Misuse of caffeine products may cause alertness but does not mimic the psychomotor impairments of sleep deprivation. D: Working more than 40 hours per week may lead to fatigue but does not directly cause psychomotor impairments similar to sleep deprivation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: The nurse holds a Western worldview and uses pamphlets, which may not align with Hispanic patients' cultural beliefs and preferences. Step 2: The patients may perceive the nurse as uncaring because of cultural mismatch and lack of personalized approach. Step 3: Short and concise groups may be seen as rushed or lacking in depth, contributing to the perception of uncaring behavior. Step 4: Overall, the patients are likely to believe the nurse was uncaring due to cultural insensitivity and ineffective communication. Other choices are incorrect as they do not address the cultural aspect and the impact it has on patient perception.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Lithium toxicity commonly presents with gastrointestinal distress, such as nausea and vomiting. Step 2: Thirst is a common symptom due to lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Step 3: Nystagmus is an ocular manifestation seen in severe cases of lithium toxicity. Step 4: Therefore, choice C is correct as it includes all three typical assessment findings for lithium toxicity. Summary: Choices A, B, and D do not include the specific assessment findings associated with lithium toxicity.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because acceptance of the terminal nature of the illness is a key criterion for hospice care eligibility. By acknowledging that there is no cure for their illness and accepting this fact, the patient demonstrates understanding and readiness for the supportive care provided by hospice. Choices A, C, and D focus on personal preferences and concerns rather than acceptance of the terminal condition, making them incorrect in the context of hospice care criteria.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because feeling guilty, difficulty making decisions, and low self-esteem are classic symptoms of depression that are not typically associated with medical illnesses. Feeling guilty and low self-esteem are emotional symptoms commonly seen in depression, while difficulty making decisions is a cognitive symptom often linked with depression. This combination of symptoms suggests a psychological component beyond just the physical manifestations of the medical illness. Choice A is incorrect because frequent crying is not specifically indicative of depression and can occur in response to physical pain or distress related to the medical illness. Choice B is incorrect because low self-esteem alone is not enough to conclusively suggest depression in this context, as it can also be a response to the challenges of dealing with a medical condition. Choice D is incorrect because loss of energy can be a symptom of both depression and medical illness, making it less specific to identifying depression in this case.