A nurse is teaching a prenatal class about immunizations that newborns receive following birth. Which of the following immunizations should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hepatitis B. Newborns typically receive the Hepatitis B vaccine shortly after birth to provide protection against the virus. This is important because newborns are at risk of contracting Hepatitis B from infected mothers during childbirth. The vaccine helps prevent chronic liver infections and liver cancer later in life. Why other choices are incorrect: B: Rotavirus - Rotavirus vaccine is typically given to infants starting at 2 months of age, not immediately after birth. C: Pneumococcal - Pneumococcal vaccines are usually given later in infancy, not right after birth. D: Varicella - Varicella vaccine is typically given around 12-15 months of age, not immediately after birth.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: Choice B is correct because a newborn should have at least 6-8 wet diapers in a 24-hour period, indicating adequate hydration and effective breastfeeding. This frequency of wet diapers is a sign of adequate milk intake and hydration for the baby, which is crucial for their growth and development. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because feeling a tugging sensation, dark and concentrated urine, and firm breasts are not indicators of effective breathing or breastfeeding in a newborn.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Monitor contractions every 30 min. During the transition phase of labor, contractions are typically intense and frequent. Monitoring contractions every 30 minutes allows the nurse to assess the progress of labor and ensure the safety of both the mother and the baby. This helps in identifying any abnormalities or complications that may arise during this critical stage. A: Assisting the client to void every 3 hr is important, but it is not specific to the transition phase of labor. C: Placing the client into a lithotomy position is not recommended during the transition phase as it can restrict blood flow and increase the risk of complications. D: Encouraging the client to use a pant-blow breathing pattern is a relaxation technique more suited for the earlier stages of labor, not the transition phase.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ampicillin. Group B Streptococcus (GBS) infection during labor is typically treated with intravenous antibiotics like ampicillin to prevent transmission to the newborn. Ampicillin is the first-line treatment for GBS during labor due to its effectiveness in eradicating the bacteria and reducing the risk of neonatal infection. Azithromycin (B) is not typically used for GBS infection during labor. Ceftriaxone (C) is not the preferred antibiotic for GBS during labor. Acyclovir (D) is used to treat viral infections, not bacterial infections like GBS.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Risk for injury. This is because families with special needs in childbearing may face unique challenges leading to potential risks of injury, such as physical limitations or difficulties in providing adequate care. Option A is incorrect as spiritual distress is not directly related to physical safety. Option C is incorrect as enhanced nutrition readiness does not directly address safety concerns. Option D is incorrect as ineffective breathing pattern is a specific health issue not necessarily related to the family's safety. Therefore, B is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for addressing safety concerns in the childbearing family with special needs.