ATI RN
Central Nervous System Stimulants and Related Drugs NCLEX Questions Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a patient about zolpidem. Which is important for the nurse to include in the teaching of this drug?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because zolpidem is recommended for short-term treatment of insomnia, typically for less than 10 days. Prolonged use can lead to dependence and tolerance. Choice A is incorrect as the maximum dose is usually 10 mg/day for most patients. Choice C is incorrect as zolpidem can be used in older adults but caution is needed due to increased risk of side effects. Choice D is incorrect as the usual starting dose of zolpidem is 5 mg at bedtime, not 15 mg. It's crucial for the nurse to emphasize the short-term nature of zolpidem use to prevent potential adverse effects.
Question 2 of 5
When administering phenytoin, the nurse realizes more teaching is needed if the patient makes which statement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because phenytoin should be taken either with food or after meals to minimize gastrointestinal side effects. Taking it on an empty stomach may lead to increased side effects or decreased drug absorption. Choice A is correct as shaking the oral suspension ensures uniform distribution of the medication. Choice B is correct as alcohol can interact with phenytoin and increase side effects. Choice D is correct as phenytoin can cause gum overgrowth, necessitating regular dental checkups.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following assessment findings could the nurse see in a patient with Parkinson disease? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Muscle rigidity. In Parkinson's disease, muscle rigidity is a common assessment finding due to the increased muscle tone. This results in stiffness and resistance to passive movement. The other choices are incorrect: A is incorrect because Parkinson's disease typically has a gradual onset, not abrupt. C is incorrect as tremors in Parkinson's disease are typically voluntary and rhythmic, not involuntary. D is incorrect as bradykinesia, or slowness of movement, is also a common finding in Parkinson's disease, but muscle rigidity is more specific to the disease.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is receiving carbidopa-levodopa for Parkinson disease. What is most important for the nurse know about this drug?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because dopaminergics like carbidopa-levodopa are contraindicated in glaucoma due to their potential to raise intraocular pressure, worsening the condition. This is a critical consideration for the nurse to prevent exacerbation of glaucoma symptoms. Choices A and B are incorrect as carbidopa-levodopa typically does not lead to hypertension or excessive salivation. Choice C is also incorrect as drowsiness is a common side effect of dopaminergics but not the most important consideration in this case.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is taking rivastigmine. The nurse should teach the patient and family which information about rivastigmine?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Gastrointestinal distress is a common side effect. Rivastigmine is a cholinesterase inhibitor used to treat dementia. Gastrointestinal distress, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, is a common side effect due to increased cholinergic activity in the GI tract. This information is crucial for the patient and family to monitor and manage these symptoms. Rationale for why the other choices are incorrect: A: Hepatotoxicity and jaundice are not common side effects of rivastigmine. These side effects are more commonly associated with other medications. B: The initial dose of rivastigmine is typically lower, starting at 1.5 mg twice a day to minimize side effects. Starting at 6 mg three times a day would increase the risk of adverse effects. D: Increased appetite and weight gain are not typical side effects of rivastigmine. In fact, weight loss is more commonly reported with this medication.