A nurse is teaching a nutrition class for clients who have type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements should the nurse include about management of acute illness?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In teaching a nutrition class for clients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the nurse should emphasize the importance of consuming carbohydrates every 3-4 hours during acute illness. This is because maintaining regular carbohydrate intake helps prevent hypoglycemia and provides the necessary energy for the body to combat the illness. Option A is correct because regular carbohydrate consumption helps stabilize blood glucose levels and prevents complications associated with diabetes during acute illness. It is crucial for individuals with diabetes to manage their blood sugar levels effectively, especially during times of illness. Options B, C, and D are incorrect for managing acute illness in clients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Decreasing fluid intake to 1000 mL per day (Option B) can lead to dehydration, which is particularly dangerous during illness. Monitoring blood glucose only twice per day (Option C) may not provide adequate information to adjust insulin doses or dietary intake during acute illness. Checking urine for ketones every 24 hours (Option D) is not as immediate or accurate as monitoring blood glucose levels directly. For educational context, it is vital for nurses to provide evidence-based information to empower individuals with diabetes to manage their condition effectively, especially during times of acute illness. Understanding the rationale behind specific dietary recommendations can help clients make informed choices to support their health and well-being.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of teaching clients at risk for heart disease about reducing saturated fats in their diet, recommending canola oil for cooking is appropriate for several reasons. Canola oil is a heart-healthy choice because it is low in saturated fats and high in monounsaturated fats, which can help lower LDL cholesterol levels. It also contains omega-3 fatty acids, which have anti-inflammatory properties and are beneficial for heart health. Palm oil (option A) is high in saturated fats and can raise cholesterol levels, making it a less favorable choice for individuals at risk for heart disease. Peanut oil (option B) is also high in saturated fats and does not offer the same heart-healthy benefits as canola oil. Stick margarine (option D) is a source of trans fats, which are known to increase LDL cholesterol and the risk of heart disease. Educationally, it is crucial to teach clients about the importance of choosing healthier fats in their diet to reduce the risk of heart disease. By explaining the characteristics of different oils and fats, clients can make informed choices to promote their cardiovascular health. Recommending canola oil provides a practical and evidence-based dietary intervention for clients to improve their heart health.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Flush the tubing with 10 mL water every 6 hours. This action helps prevent clogging of the tubing by ensuring that the high-viscosity formula does not solidify and block the tube. Flushing with water helps maintain tube patency and keeps the formula flowing smoothly, reducing the risk of complications for the client. Option A) Replace the bag and tubing every 24 hours is incorrect because simply changing the tubing does not address the issue of preventing clogging due to high-viscosity formula. It is important to focus on tube maintenance to prevent clogs. Option C) Administering the feeding by gravity drip does not directly address the prevention of tubing clogging. The method of administration does not impact the viscosity of the formula or the likelihood of clogging. Option D) Heating the formula prior to infusion may be necessary for some formulas but does not specifically address the prevention of tubing clogging. Heating may help with formula consistency but does not replace the need for regular flushing to prevent clogs. In an educational context, it is crucial for nurses to understand the importance of tube maintenance in clients receiving enteral feedings. Regular flushing of the tubing with water helps prevent clogs, ensuring the safe delivery of nutrition to the client. Nurses should be knowledgeable about best practices for enteral feeding to provide optimal care and prevent complications.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is option A) "I should drink an 8 ounce glass of water each time my baby nurses." This statement indicates an understanding of the teaching because hydration is crucial for breastfeeding mothers to maintain an adequate milk supply. Water intake helps prevent dehydration, supports milk production, and aids in overall maternal health during lactation. Option B) "I should take a 1500 milligram iron supplement daily" is incorrect because while iron supplementation may be necessary for some breastfeeding mothers, the dosage mentioned is excessively high and should only be taken based on healthcare provider recommendations. Option C) "I can eat a 2500 calorie daily diet to lose 1 lb per week" is incorrect because this statement suggests a calorie deficit that is too extreme for a breastfeeding mother. It is important for breastfeeding mothers to consume an adequate amount of calories to support milk production and their own nutritional needs. Option D) "I can eat ounces of swordfish daily" is incorrect because swordfish is a type of fish known to contain high levels of mercury, which can be harmful to both the mother and the baby if consumed in excess during breastfeeding. In an educational context, it is essential for nurses to provide accurate and evidence-based information to breastfeeding mothers to support their health and the well-being of their infants. Teaching about proper hydration, nutrition, and dietary considerations during breastfeeding is crucial for promoting successful breastfeeding outcomes and maternal health.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) 1 scrambled egg, which is equivalent to 1 oz of protein. A scrambled egg provides a complete source of protein, containing all essential amino acids crucial for toddler growth and development. It is important for parents to understand the value of protein in their child's diet to support muscle growth, tissue repair, and overall health. Option A) 2 tbsp peanut butter is incorrect as it is a source of fat and protein, but 2 tbsp do not equate to 1 oz of protein. Option B) ½ cup peas is incorrect as peas are a vegetable source of protein, but ½ cup does not provide 1 oz of protein. Option C) 1 slice of bread is incorrect as bread is primarily a source of carbohydrates and does not contain a significant amount of protein. Educationally, it is essential for parents to be knowledgeable about the nutritional needs of their toddlers to ensure they receive adequate protein for growth and development. By understanding which foods are good sources of protein, parents can make informed decisions when planning their child's meals to promote optimal health and well-being.