ATI RN
ATI Nutrition 2024 NGN Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a group of clients about stress. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the context of medical-surgical education, understanding the physiological effects of stress on metabolism is crucial for nurses to provide comprehensive care to their patients. The correct answer, option B, states that acute stress causes an increase in metabolism. This is important to note because during times of stress, the body releases hormones like cortisol and adrenaline, which can lead to an increase in metabolic rate to provide the body with the energy needed to respond to the stressor. Option A, stating that protein requirements decrease in times of stress, is incorrect. In reality, protein requirements may actually increase during stress as the body may need additional amino acids for tissue repair and to support the immune system. Option C, suggesting that stress causes a positive nitrogen balance in the body, is also incorrect. Stress typically leads to a negative nitrogen balance due to increased catabolism of protein stores in the body. Option D, claiming that glucose is broken down more slowly during times of stress, is incorrect as well. In fact, glucose is broken down more rapidly during stress to provide immediate energy for the body's fight-or-flight response. By understanding these physiological responses to stress, nurses can better assess and support patients experiencing stress-related health issues, thereby improving patient outcomes and overall quality of care.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who reports difficulty chewing due to ill-fitting dentures. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend for the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option C) Tuna fish. The nurse should recommend this food for the older adult client with difficulty chewing due to ill-fitting dentures because tuna fish is a soft and easily chewable protein source. It requires minimal chewing effort, making it suitable for individuals with dental issues. Option A) Dried fruit is not recommended as it can be tough to chew and may exacerbate the client's chewing difficulties. Option B) Roast beef is a tough and fibrous meat that requires significant chewing, which would not be suitable for someone with chewing problems. Option D) Apple slices, while healthy, can be hard and crunchy, posing a challenge for someone with ill-fitting dentures. Educationally, understanding the importance of recommending soft and easy-to-chew foods for individuals with dental issues is crucial for nurses caring for older adult clients. Providing appropriate dietary recommendations can improve the client's nutritional intake and overall well-being, addressing specific challenges they may face due to age-related changes in oral health.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who reports increasing difficulty swallowing food. Which of the following interventions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Encourage the client to rest prior to mealtimes. This is the most appropriate intervention because difficulty swallowing food, also known as dysphagia, can be exacerbated by fatigue or weakness. By encouraging the client to rest before meals, the nurse is helping to ensure that the client has the energy and stamina needed to eat comfortably and safely. Option A) Turn on the client's television during meals is incorrect because distractions such as television can actually worsen swallowing difficulties by diverting the client's attention away from the act of eating, leading to potential choking or aspiration. Option B) Placing the client into a semi-reclining position for meals is also incorrect as this position can increase the risk of aspiration, especially in individuals with swallowing difficulties. The upright position is generally recommended for clients with dysphagia to aid in safe swallowing. Option D) Encouraging the client to use a straw when drinking liquids is not the best intervention for someone experiencing difficulty swallowing food. Straws can sometimes increase the risk of aspiration in individuals with dysphagia as they bypass the natural mechanisms in the mouth that help protect the airway during swallowing. Educationally, it is crucial for nurses to understand the implications of dysphagia and how to provide appropriate care for clients experiencing this condition. By selecting the most suitable interventions like encouraging rest before meals, nurses can help promote safe and effective eating experiences for their clients with swallowing difficulties.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving a continuous enteral tube feeding and reports cramping and abdominal distention. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct action for the nurse to take is option A: Check for gastric residual. When a client on continuous enteral feeding experiences cramping and distention, it is essential to assess for gastric residual volume to determine if the client is tolerating the feeding adequately. High residual volumes can indicate feeding intolerance, possibly leading to abdominal discomfort and distention. Option B: Applying low intermittent suction is not appropriate in this situation as it is typically used for nasogastric tube decompression, not for assessing feeding tolerance. Option C: Increasing the rate of the feeding is contraindicated when the client is already experiencing symptoms of feeding intolerance as it can worsen the situation. Option D: Requesting a higher-fat formula is not the immediate action needed when the client is experiencing cramping and abdominal distention. Checking for gastric residual will provide crucial information to guide further interventions. Educationally, understanding the importance of monitoring gastric residual volumes in clients on enteral feedings is crucial for nurses caring for patients with altered nutritional needs. It helps in assessing the adequacy of the feeding regimen and preventing complications related to feeding intolerance. Regular assessment and appropriate interventions based on findings are key components of safe and effective enteral feeding management.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory findings of a client who has heart failure. Which of the following findings indicates that the client is experiencing fluid volume excess?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the context of a client with heart failure, fluid volume excess is a common concern due to the heart's decreased ability to effectively pump blood. The correct answer is A) BUN 8 mg/dL because a low blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level indicates dilution of urea in excess fluid, which is consistent with fluid volume excess. Explanation for why the other options are incorrect: - Option B) Hgb 15 g/dL: Hemoglobin level is not typically used to indicate fluid volume status. - Option C) Creatinine 0.8 mg/dL: Creatinine level is more related to kidney function rather than fluid volume status. - Option D) Sodium 140 mEq/L: Normal sodium levels do not necessarily indicate fluid volume status. Educational context: Understanding laboratory findings in clients with heart failure is crucial for nurses to assess and manage fluid volume status effectively. Low BUN levels can indicate fluid retention, which may worsen heart failure symptoms and lead to complications. Nurses need to be able to interpret these findings to provide appropriate interventions such as fluid restriction or diuretic therapy to manage fluid volume excess in clients with heart failure.