A nurse is reviewing the medical records of several older adult patients. The nurse determines that which individual would have the least chance of developing mental health problems with aging?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because being married, having a graduate education, eating nutritionally balanced meals, and exercising regularly are all factors associated with better mental health in older adults. Marriage can provide social support, a graduate education indicates cognitive stimulation, balanced nutrition supports brain health, and regular exercise promotes mental well-being. Choice A is incorrect because having a low education level and limited physical activity increase the risk of mental health problems. Choice C is incorrect as consuming mostly fast food can negatively impact brain function. Choice D is incorrect because although watching what she eats is beneficial, the lack of exercise may increase the risk of developing mental health problems.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it reflects active listening and empathy, which can encourage further communication. By acknowledging the client's feelings of loneliness and fear, the nurse shows understanding and creates a safe space for the client to share more. Choice B is incorrect because it implies judgment and may shut down communication. Choice C focuses on the nurse's experience rather than the client's, which is not helpful. Choice D offers false reassurance and minimizes the client's feelings, not addressing the underlying issues.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C (Seven or eight). In an inpatient psychiatric setting, a group for trauma survivors should ideally have around 7-8 patients. This number allows for a diverse range of perspectives and experiences to be shared, fostering a supportive and empathetic environment. With fewer patients (choices A and B), there may not be enough variety in experiences to facilitate meaningful discussions. Having too many patients (choice D) can lead to some individuals feeling overlooked or overwhelmed, hindering the therapeutic process. Therefore, having 7-8 patients strikes a balance between creating a supportive group dynamic while ensuring that each individual has the opportunity to actively participate and benefit from the group therapy sessions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Running amok, as it is a culture-bound syndrome specific to certain cultures where individuals exhibit sudden outbursts of violence. This behavior is not seen as a mental disorder in those cultures but rather a culturally accepted phenomenon. Epilepsy, schizophrenia, and major depressive disorder are not culture-bound syndromes as they are recognized and diagnosed across various cultures without cultural specificity.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Erikson defined growth as development in stages with a positive and negative consequence if not met. He introduced the concept of psychosocial development, emphasizing the importance of resolving conflicts at each stage. Peplau focused on interpersonal relations in nursing, Orenstein is known for her work on gender development, and Freud's psychosexual theory is different from Erikson's psychosocial theory. Erikson's stages are distinct for each age group, with specific tasks to be accomplished, making choice D the correct answer.