ATI RN
ATI Nutrition 2024 NGN Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory findings of a client who has heart failure. Which of the following findings indicates that the client is experiencing fluid volume excess?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the context of a client with heart failure, fluid volume excess is a common concern due to the heart's decreased ability to effectively pump blood. The correct answer is A) BUN 8 mg/dL because a low blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level indicates dilution of urea in excess fluid, which is consistent with fluid volume excess. Explanation for why the other options are incorrect: - Option B) Hgb 15 g/dL: Hemoglobin level is not typically used to indicate fluid volume status. - Option C) Creatinine 0.8 mg/dL: Creatinine level is more related to kidney function rather than fluid volume status. - Option D) Sodium 140 mEq/L: Normal sodium levels do not necessarily indicate fluid volume status. Educational context: Understanding laboratory findings in clients with heart failure is crucial for nurses to assess and manage fluid volume status effectively. Low BUN levels can indicate fluid retention, which may worsen heart failure symptoms and lead to complications. Nurses need to be able to interpret these findings to provide appropriate interventions such as fluid restriction or diuretic therapy to manage fluid volume excess in clients with heart failure.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a parent about appropriate snack choices for her 9-month-old infant. Which of the following food choices should the nurse recommend?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse should recommend graham crackers as the appropriate snack choice for the 9-month-old infant. Graham crackers are a suitable option due to their soft texture, which makes them easy for the infant to chew and swallow, reducing the risk of choking. They are also low in sugar and salt, which aligns with the dietary recommendations for infants to avoid added sugars and salt. Additionally, graham crackers provide carbohydrates for energy, which is important for the growing needs of infants. The other options can be considered inappropriate choices for a 9-month-old infant for various reasons. Skim milk is not recommended as a snack choice for infants under the age of one, as it does not provide the necessary nutrients and can be difficult for infants to digest. Unsalted popcorn poses a choking hazard due to its hard texture, which can be challenging for infants to chew. Raw carrots are also a choking hazard for young infants because of their firm texture. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of selecting age-appropriate and safe food choices for infants. It emphasizes the need for healthcare providers to educate parents on suitable snacks that meet the nutritional requirements and safety considerations for infants at different developmental stages. By understanding the rationale behind the correct choice and the risks associated with the incorrect options, healthcare professionals can better support parents in promoting healthy eating habits for their infants.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is lactose intolerant. Which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse assess be?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is "C) Cramping." When a client is lactose intolerant, it means their body cannot properly digest lactose, a sugar found in milk and dairy products. As a result, when they consume lactose-containing foods, they may experience symptoms like cramping, bloating, gas, and diarrhea. Option A) Fever is not typically a direct symptom of lactose intolerance but may occur if there is an underlying infection or inflammatory process. Option B) Blood in stools is not a common symptom of lactose intolerance. It is more indicative of conditions like gastrointestinal bleeding or inflammatory bowel disease. Option D) Steatorrhea, which refers to fatty, greasy stools, is not a typical symptom of lactose intolerance but is more commonly associated with conditions affecting fat digestion and absorption. Educationally, understanding the clinical manifestations of lactose intolerance is crucial for nurses to provide appropriate care and education to clients with this condition. Recognizing these symptoms can help in making dietary recommendations and managing discomfort for lactose-intolerant individuals.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who reports following Seventh-Day Adventist dietary laws. Which of the following dietary guidelines should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option B: Request that coffee is removed from meal trays. The Seventh-Day Adventist dietary laws prohibit the consumption of coffee and other stimulants. By excluding coffee from the client's meal tray, the nurse respects and supports the client's religious dietary preferences. Option A, replacing salt with pepper when seasoning water, is incorrect as it does not align with Seventh-Day Adventist dietary laws. While reducing salt intake is generally a healthy practice, it is not a specific requirement of this particular dietary guideline. Option C, offering pork with two meals per week, is also incorrect. Pork is typically not consumed by individuals following Seventh-Day Adventist dietary laws, as it is considered unclean according to their beliefs. Option D, providing a high-protein snack between meals, is not directly related to Seventh-Day Adventist dietary laws. While protein intake is important for overall health, it is not a specific requirement outlined in this dietary guideline. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of respecting and accommodating clients' cultural and religious beliefs when planning their care, including their dietary preferences. Understanding and adhering to these guidelines can enhance the nurse-client relationship and contribute to the client's overall well-being and satisfaction with their care.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who reports muscle spasms in his calves and tingling in his hands. The client indicates consuming a low intake of milk products and green leafy vegetables. The nurse should identify that the client's findings indicate a deficiency in which of the following sources of nutrition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) Calcium. The client's symptoms of muscle spasms in the calves and tingling in the hands are indicative of hypocalcemia, which is a deficiency of calcium in the body. Calcium is essential for muscle contraction, nerve function, and overall bone health. Option A) Iron is responsible for oxygen transport in the blood and is not directly related to the symptoms described by the client. Option B) Omega-3 fatty acids are important for heart health and brain function but do not directly cause muscle spasms and tingling. Option C) Vitamin C is necessary for collagen production and immune function, but it does not cause the symptoms presented by the client. From an educational perspective, it is crucial for nurses to understand the role of different nutrients in the body and how deficiencies can manifest in various symptoms. By recognizing these signs, healthcare professionals can provide appropriate interventions to address nutrient deficiencies and improve the client's health outcomes.