A nurse is reviewing blood glucose values for a client who is at risk for Diabetes Mellitus. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse should report finding A, the 2 hr glucose tolerance test level of 150 mg/dL, to the provider. This result indicates impaired glucose tolerance, which is a risk factor for developing Diabetes Mellitus. Elevated blood glucose levels after a glucose challenge test suggest the body's inability to regulate blood sugar effectively, increasing the risk of developing diabetes. Option B, fasting blood glucose of 70 mg/dL, is within the normal range and does not indicate any immediate concern for diabetes. Option C, glycosylated hemoglobin of 5%, reflects good long-term blood sugar control, so it does not need immediate reporting. Option D, casual blood glucose of 90 mg/dL, is also within the normal range and does not suggest any immediate risk for diabetes. Educationally, understanding the significance of different blood glucose values is crucial for nurses caring for clients at risk for Diabetes Mellitus. Regular monitoring and interpretation of blood glucose results can help in early detection and intervention to prevent the progression of diabetes and its complications. Reporting abnormal values promptly ensures timely management and prevents adverse outcomes for the client.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Potatoes. Potatoes are bland and less likely to relax the lower esophageal sphincter, making them a good choice for minimizing heartburn in clients with GERD. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Orange juice and peppermint can exacerbate GERD symptoms due to their acidic or relaxing effects on the esophageal sphincter. Decaffeinated coffee, although lower in caffeine, is still acidic and can trigger heartburn in individuals with GERD.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Calcium is essential for nerve transmission, muscle contraction, and blood clotting. It is a crucial mineral that plays a vital role in the proper functioning of the nervous system. Phosphorus is important for bone health and energy production but is not directly involved in nerve impulse transmission. Chloride is an electrolyte that helps maintain fluid balance but is not primarily responsible for nerve impulse transmission. Zinc is essential for immune function, wound healing, and DNA synthesis but is not directly related to nerve impulse transmission.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. A weight loss of 2.7 kg in four weeks indicates effective adherence to a nutritional plan aimed at reducing body mass index (BMI), moving towards a healthier weight. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because a decrease in weight is expected for a client with a BMI of 30 undergoing nutritional counseling for weight management, rather than an increase in weight or BMI.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of caring for a client who follows the dietary laws of Orthodox Judaism, the nurse should request spaghetti with tomato sauce as the meal choice. This is because Orthodox Judaism prohibits the consumption of pork and pork products (as in option C), and bacon is a pork product (option D). Additionally, mixing meat and dairy products is also prohibited, making the turkey and cheese sandwich (option A) inappropriate. Educationally, understanding cultural and religious dietary practices is crucial for healthcare providers to deliver culturally competent care. By respecting and adhering to a client's dietary restrictions based on their beliefs, healthcare professionals can promote trust, respect, and overall well-being in the patient-provider relationship. This scenario highlights the importance of considering and honoring diverse dietary needs and preferences to provide holistic and patient-centered care.